Mene ne babban Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin?

Moscow Kremlin - mai muhimmanci da gine-gine da gungu ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma cikin Turai. An located a kan bankunan na Moscow River, a cikin zuciya na Rasha babban birnin kasar. Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin Uspensky. Shi ke nan game da shi za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Zato Cathedral - babban coci da Kremlin

A kowace ƙasa, kokarin hankali adana Monuments, waxanda suke da na tarihi da kuma al'adu muhimmanci. Da yawa daga cikinsu aiki a yau. Shi ne ba togiya kuma ɗauka cewa Church - da babban coci na Moscow Kremlin.

Ko da a cikin 1326, aka gina shi a cikin Moscow yanki na farko da dutse gini na majestic babban coci. Construction da aka za'ayi a karkashin kulawa na Lardi na St. Bitrus a kan umarni na Prince Ioanna Kality. Akwai version cewa a wuri na kwanciya kafuwar wani katako coci da aka a baya.

Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin - abin da shi ne, kuma shi ya dubi kamar yau? A wannan - a.

Bookmark da kuma erection na wuraren bauta

Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin da ake kira zato. A yi na Haikalin aiki a matsayin wani gagarumin taron, saboda Moscow aka zayyana throned birni. Kamar yadda tarihi records da kuma memoirs daga cikin limaman Kirista shi ya zama sane da cewa ɗauka cewa Cathedral - shi ne na farko a Moscow dutse coci, wanda ya zama babban haikalin Rasha, game da shi shan wani mataki sama da Vladimir Church.

A 1327, lokacin da aka yi kammala, kuma a cikin babban coci fara rike ayyuka, Metropolitan Bitrus ya tashi wannan duniya mai zunubi, kuma ya huta a cikin ginin Haikali a gefen arewa. Shi ne da inda aka binne a kusa da bagaden.

haikali sake fasalin kudin

Saboda haka, ɗauka cewa Church shi ne babban coci na Moscow Kremlin. Domin na biyu da rabi daga cikin XV karni, John V., Rasha yarima, wanda ya kiyaye karkashin iko duka sarauta, fara sake fasalin kudin na ɗauka Cathedral, haka da samar da wani sabon wurin zama.

By 1472, bincike na da haikalin da aka kammala. Domin gina wani sabon, mafi m gini na babban coci da aka gayyace sanannun a lokacin gine-ginen Myshkin da Krivtsov. Amma haikalin da aka ba nufi zuwa tsaya na dogon lokaci, da kuma ya rushe. A wannan shiri ba a gama ba, ko da yake wani irin hali zai iya shãfe up a kan wasu tunani. Prince janyo hankalin da rike da mafi kyau na Italian m Fioravanti Aristotle.

New yi dade shekaru hudu, da amfani da zane na Vladimir Cathedral. Kuma tun 1479 daya daga cikin mafi girma da Monuments na Kiristanci da aka gina a cikin Moscow yanki, wanda ya zama wani Kremlin ado. A keɓewarsa ta Haikalin, kuma a gaskiya wannan hanya ne dole ne domin irin wannan Tsarin, tsunduma a wani sabon Metropolitan - Gerontiy Moskovsky, sa'an nan a cikin memory na farko saint an mayar da su a Haikali Bitrus iko.

Amma ko da bayan cewa coci ba bar shi kadai, kuma yana ci gaba da bin halaka. A 1812, lokacin ina a tsakiyar yakin duniya na II, babban coci da aka sosai tõne da sojoji na Napoleon. Partially shi gudanar ya dawo sata baya, da kuma azurfa, da aka sanya chandelier cewa adorns da cibiyar da haikalin.

wuraren bauta rabo a cikin XIX-XX ƙarni

Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin ne mafi girma abin tunawa daga gine na Turai sikelin. Duk da haka, lokaci bai hana wannan gini, a kan lokaci shi ya fara sannu a hankali hargitse.

A cikin rabi na biyu na XIX - farkon rabin karni XX fara maido aiki. Farko, kuma farkon masana fara sake gina bagaden yankin, don haka da cewa frescoes aka gano, dating daga XV-XVI ƙarni. Restoration of ginin da aka za'ayi domin da yawa shekarun da suka gabata da kuma aka kammala a 1906.

A 1917, bayan da masifu na Oktoba juyin juya halin, babban coci da aka juya zuwa cikin gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya samu wani nau'i na da gungu, wanda aka halin da cikakken adana daga cikin ciki. A wannan lokacin, duk da murals da gumaka suka buɗe don jama'a Viewing. A Soviet sau, da sabuntawa aiki a ɗauka cewa Cathedral aka ba tsunduma. Kuma a cikin ganuwar Haikali busa sake songs, da kuma sabis koma a 1990.

Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin gine-gine da siffofin

Janyo hankalin da Italian m cikakken sake bugawa image na Vladimir ɗauka cewa Cathedral. Wannan shi ne, tsarin ya gicciye-domed coci, amma bi da bi, da m ya sanya wasu sabawa cewa muhimmanci rabu daga ta samfur. Jere da babban coci na fari dutse da kuma shi ne mai monolithic tsarin. Chroniclers bayyana haikali a matsayin "wani dutse guda" daga wanda loomed da majestic coci.

Haikali ya pompous, kauri da faɗi, ta arches goyan bayan zagaye ginshiƙai. Ginin da aka halitta saboda haka fili, cewa ya fi kama da fada zauren. Ko da a yau ta matsayin, na ɗauka cewa Cathedral a cikin Kremlin Square an dauki mafi muhimmanci da ginin da kuma style of kisa - a painstaking kuma wuya. Ya kamata a lura da cewa image na babban coci a Moscow har da XVII karni da aka gina kusa da dukkan ikilisiyoyin Rasha.

Description na waje bayyanar gine-gine

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da babban coci na Moscow Kremlin - a monolithic tsarin, wanda aka raba taso keya ginshiƙai, ginshikan a kan 12 murabba'ai daidai size.

A m m ganuwar da haikalin tsaye bel-arcature kuma kunkuntar elongated windows. Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin ne a biyar-domed. Daga kudu da kuma arewa na apse ginin an rufe tare da pylons.

A ciki na Cathedral: zane-zane da kuma murals

Construction na ciki ma sanya mafi kyau artists na lokaci. The aiki ne kawai m da gaske, har ma a yau wasu taragutsan zauna a kan bagaden shãmaki. A zamanin d frescoes, dating daga 1481 shekara, da sufaye, ascetics wanda aka nuna. Bugu da kari, shi yana da babban tarihi muhimmancin fresco "Arba'in Shahidai na Sebaste" sanannen "girmama da Magi" da sauran ayyukan lafiya art.

Wadannan sun kasance samu zane-zane da nema zuwa shekaru 1513-1515. Idan ka biya a sa view a kan coci, ba za ka iya ganin wani hoto na sama, da goyan bayan da ginshiƙai a saka a kan su shahidai. Wannan hade yake cike da symbolism, saboda yadda ginshiƙai rike da vault, da kuma shahidai tsare bangaskiya cikin Almasihu.

A] aukacin layout na zane-zane na ɗauka Cathedral aka hankali tsara da kuma gina. Bugu da kari, mafi ban mãmaki images ne a kan ƙananan bene na babban coci ganuwar da Bakwai Ecumenical majami'u. Kuma bisa al'ada, da yamma bango aka yi wa ado da wani abun da ke ciki na "The Last sakamako."

A ƙarshe ...

Babban babban coci na Moscow Kremlin ne ɗauka cewa - a majestic gine-gine abin tunawa daga XIV-XV ƙarni. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido da kuma matafiya haikali aka karin ba kawai domin ta gine-gine, amma kuma mai ban mamaki, musamman ciki.