Menene zurfin teku a duniya?

Shin kun taba tunanin ko wane ne teku mafi zurfi a duniya? Menene siffofinta? Wanene yake zaune a can? A'a? Kuna son?

Za a iya samun amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyin ta hanyar karatun kayan cikin wannan labarin.

Sashe na 1. Mene ne teku?

Kafin muyi magana game da teku mafi zurfi a duniya, muna bayar da shawarar tabbatar da ainihin ra'ayi. Saboda haka, ta teku tana nufin wani ɓangare na teku, rabuwa da ƙasa ko haɓaka da ruwa na ruwa.

A cikin duka, ya kamata a lura cewa teku ba ta bambanta daga duniyar teku ta hanyar yanayin hawan dutse, tsarin meteorological da hydrological. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa suna yawanci suna a gefuna na teku, kuma saboda iyakanceccen haɗi tare da ɓangaren sararin samaniya, sun kasance cikin haɗuwa a cikin canjin ruwa.

Kuma fassarar a cikin littafi na geography ya ce a ƙarƙashin teku ya kamata ya fahimci yawan ruwan gishiri da aka haɗu da harsashin ruwa na duniya, ko kuma babban tafkin gishiri wanda aka ware shi daga duniyar teku ba tare da wata hanya ba.

Daga juna, koguna, ba shakka, sun bambanta a flora da fauna.

Sashe na 2. Ruwa na Filiban

Yanzu, watakila kowane ɗan makaranta zai iya kiran teku mafi zurfi a duniya. Wannan ita ce Philippine daya, wadda take tsakanin tsibirin a yammacin Pacific Ocean. Godiya ga dumi igiyoyin, ruwa a nan yana da wani talakawan zafin jiki na ²⁵ ° C da gwargwado wuraren kai 35,1%.

A mafi girma zurfin rubuce a cikin Mariana tare mahara , ko abin da ake kira da Mariana tare mahara. Watakila kowa da kowa a kalla sau ɗaya a rayuwata ya ji labarin wannan a taswirar. Kuma masu gudanarwa na gidan talabijin na yau da kullum sukan kasance tare da shi tare da dodanni, da kifi na waje, abubuwan da suke da mahimmanci.

Girman wannan gutter shine 11 022 m amma wannan bayanan yana kimanin. Wasu masanan kimiyya sun nace cewa a gaskiya adadi zai iya zama mafi girma, wannan ne kawai cewa ɗan Adam bai riga ya shirya don auna irin waɗannan sassan ba.

Duk da haka teku mafi zurfi a duniya yana da 'yan tsiraru da fauna masu arziki fiye da dubu bakwai.

Daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni Zaka iya zaɓar musamman Pangaskhanskie waterfalls, tabkuna, volcanoes, kogwanni da kuma arziki undersea duniya, gabatar da Whales, teku shanu, kunkuru, sharks, da dabbobin ruwa, babbar stingrays, eels da sauran Japan.

Sashi na 3. Tekun Ruwa

Idan mukayi magana game da teku mafi zurfi a cikin Kudancin Kudancin, ba za mu iya taimaka wajen ambaci Coral ba. Ana cikin tudun teku na Pacific Ocean kuma tana rufe wani yanki na mita mita 5. Km. Wasu matsalolin, wadanda masana kimiyya suka gano a cikin abyss, sun kai zurfin 9000 m.

A geographically, yana fitowa daga yankunan Australia zuwa tsibirin Solomon, tsibirin New Guinea da New Hebrides, da kuma Tekun Indiya a arewa maso yamma.

Ruwan ruwa a cikin teku yana mai tsanani kusan dukkanin shekara. A wata-wata talakawan zafin jiki jeri daga 20 ^o C zuwa +28 ^o C.

Sunan Coral Sea yana da nisa daga bala'i. Mun gode da yawancin guraben murjani, reefs, atolls, tsibirin na coral polyps, an samu irin wannan suna.

A hanyar, kar ka manta cewa a cikin wannan ɓangaren na teku akwai yawancin murjani mafi girma na duniya - Babbar Barrier Reef. Yau yawanta ya zana daga 60 zuwa 80 kilomita, kuma ya shimfiɗa zuwa layin Australia da nisan kilomita 30-60 daga bakin teku fiye da kilomita 2000. Masana kimiyya sun ce wannan ba nisa ba ne, saboda a kowace shekara karfin ya zama karin.

Baya ga nau'o'in murjani iri iri, sharks da crabs, akwai mutane da yawa wakilan duniya karkashin ruwa: alamar teku, taurari, shanu, shinge, kifaye masu tashi, tasowa, manyan turtles na teku, tridacts, gishiri dutse fishes, prilipials-fish, pterois,

Sashe na 4. Tekun Tasman

Tsakanin yankunan tsibirin New Zealand da Ostiraliya, a kudancin tekun Pacific, akwai teku mai zurfi a duniya - Tasmanovo.

Yankinsa yana da mita 3340. Km kuma yana kama da siffar lu'u-lu'u. A wasu wurare, zurfinsa ya kai kimanin 6000 m. Ya ma da wuya a ɗauka cewa wannan daidai ne nesa da cewa jirgin da yake tashi daga Moscow zuwa Khabarovsk, alal misali, dole ne ya rinjayi.

Sauyin yanayi a sassa daban-daban na teku ya bambanta. Me yasa wannan yake faruwa? Abinda ya faru shi ne cewa ya ta'allaka ne a wurare daban-daban.

A surface teku ruwa a arewa warms har zuwa +27 ^{° C,} a kudu - a lokacin rani kawai zuwa +15 ^{° C} da kuma a cikin hunturu saukad da zuwa +9 ° ^C. Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin na Tasman teku rayuwa ne sosai kama da bambancin da Coral.

Duniya na karkashin ruwa yana kunshe da murjani, sharks, jigon kwalliya, korayiyoyi, whales, killer whales, tuna, mackerel da sauran halittun teku.

Sashi na 5. Tekun Banda

A yammacin teku na Pacific Ocean shine teku na Banda, wadda ke haɗe da wasu sassa na teku na duniya ta hanyar raguwa.

Its yanki ne 714 dubu. ^Km2. Bisa mahimmanci, wannan teku tana dauke da zurfin teku mai zurfin mita 7,440, kodayake matsakaicin yana da 2,737 m, wato, kusan yawancin teku da ke wanke Rasha - Beringovo.

Masana kimiyya sun kafa cewa akwai 6 a cikin Banda wadanda suka fi zurfin mita 4000. Dukansu suna rabuwa da ridges da rapids.

Wani fasali mai siffar da za'a iya kiran shi shine cewa teku tana cikin filin lantarki, saboda haka mafi yawan tsibirin suna daga asalin dutse.

Banda na da nau'o'in nau'i mai ban sha'awa da kuma wadataccen nau'in kifi, wakiltar kifi iri iri daban daban, launuka da siffofi. Tsuntsayyun halittu masu rai suna rayuwa ne a yankunan bakin teku.

Daga cikin wakilan duniya karkashin ruwa akwai nau'o'in nau'ikan kasa da na sharuddan kwari, tsummoki, dawakai na moray, corals, ophiuroids, alamar teku, macizai na teku, shinge, taurari, da dai sauransu.

Sashe na 6. Ruwa na Caribbean

A yammacin Atlantic Ocean, a kusa da mahadin, akwai Kogin Caribbean da yawancin tsibirai, rairayin bakin teku, ruwa mai zurfi, yanayi na wurare masu zafi, duniya mai zurfi da wurare masu kyau.

Yana da wuya wani mai kula da zamani ya san cewa lokacin da suka tafi hutu, suna samun zarafi su ziyarci ɗayan teku mafi zurfin duniya.

Sea da talakawan zafin jiki na cikin ruwa da ya rage kusan canzawa a ko'ina cikin dukan shekara, jere daga +23 ^o C zuwa +28 ^o C.

Yana gida game da 500 jinsuna daban na kifi, daga cikinsu da kifi Jãlũta, angelfish, aku kifi, moray eels, da dama rare jinsunan sharks, da dabbobin ruwa, maniyyi Whales, Whales.

Sashen 7. The Bering Sea - mafi zurfi teku a Rasha

Ruwa Bering yana daya daga cikin halittun da suka shafi halittu masu kyau da kuma bambancin yanayi a duniya.

Ya kasance tsakanin Rasha da Alaska kuma suna da nasaba da taken "Ƙasar Arctic mai zurfi".

Its yanki ne game da dubu km ^2.

Gaba ɗaya, teku ta ƙunshi Arctic da ruwa mai zurfi. Abin mamaki shine, yana da matukar arziki a cikin kwayoyin halittu. Tabbatacce, ba shakka, waɗanda ke da ilimin lissafi suna iya rayuwa a irin wannan yanayi mara kyau.

Masana sun lura cewa akwai duk yanayi na zama na fiye da 450 jinsunan kifaye, molluscs, crustaceans, Whales, da dabbobin ruwa, walruses, like, teku zakuna, iyakacin duniya beyar, fiye da 200 jinsunan tsuntsaye daga dukkan nahiyoyi da kuma 26 jinsunan marine dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Kogin Bering yana daya daga cikin tafkuna mai zurfi da ke kusa da ruwa, wanda ke kewaye da yankuna biyu na duniya, wanda ake ganin ci gaba na arewacin Pacific Ocean.