Yankewar nazarin kwayoyin jini a cikin manya (tebur). Binciken biochemical jini a cikin yara: alamomi, al'ada

Kowane mutum yana so ya san idan ya na tare da kiwon lafiya. Don yin wannan, akwai wani tsarin da dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje, wanda suke zuwa babban digiri na yaƙĩni za a iya ce game da ainihin yanayin haƙuri. Daga cikin mafi kowa za a iya kira a biochemical bincike na jini. A manya da yara, wannan awon gwajin iya nuna wanzuwar boye cututtuka da kuma za ta samar da damar da za a sanar da game da jihar na kiwon lafiya a general.

Wannan irin bincike ne sosai m. Yana ba kawai taimaka wajen gano wani cuta, amma kuma bayar da bayanai game da abin da bitamin, ma'adanai da kuma sauran m abubuwa rasa a cikin jikin mutum. Sau da yawa sosai, a biochemical jini analysis (yi nagartacce, bidiyon dikodi saba wa kowane likita) sanya gane gastrointestinal cututtuka, genitourinary tsarin, gynecological matsaloli da kuma zargin Oncology.

Amma kada ka yi zaton cewa da irin wannan jini gwajin da ake sa kawai a karkashin wani gunaguni. Ko da wani haƙuri ji m, jini Biochemistry bayyanãwa boye siffofin da kuma farkon matakai na cuta ko rashin muhimmanci da abubuwa.

Ta yaya za Analysis

The domin na isar da littattafai na nazari yana da dokokinsa. Kafin ka je wajen wani likita da makaman ga wannan gwajin, da mãsu haƙuri ya kamata ba ci ko sha, ba ko da ruwa.

Domin dubawa m daukan haƙuri 5 ml na jini daga cubital jannayẽnsa. A samfurin ne hõre m gwaji, da kuma sakamakon da aka shigar a cikin wani musamman form. Deciphering da biochemical bincike na jini a manya (tebur nuna a cikin wannan labarin) ne mai kyau tushen data ga likita. Shi ne iya samar da cikakken bayanai game da yanayin da mãsu haƙuri.

By kansu, da Figures samar kadan bayanai a kan tsari. Domin da gaske yaba da sakamakon, likita yana bukatar dauki domin gwada ma'aunansa na dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje. Biochemistry na jini zai sa'an nan ta bayyana.

Kowace daga cikin sharudda ga analysis yana da wani fayyace matsayin. Akwai m da kuma iyakar canja dabi'u ga dukkan abubuwa a cikin binciken. Idan sakamakon da aka hada a cikin al'ada iyaka, da mãsu haƙuri munanan aka samu. A cikin hali na asarar darajar mallakar iyaka dabi'u ake magana a gaban pathological canje-canje.

Deciphering da biochemical bincike na jini a manya - a tebur da aka nuna ta da wani fairly manyan yawan abubuwa. Bari mu bincika mafi muhimmanci sharudda na wannan awon binciken.

albumin

Albumin - wani abu na gina jiki yanayi, wanda aka samar a cikin mutum hanta. Shi ne mai babbar jini sunadaran da secreted a raba kungiyar, wato "furotin sulusi da murabba'i". Canje-canje a cikin rabo na irin wadannan kungiyoyi ne sosai m ga likita. Sau da yawa sosai, sakamakon ji na albumin hukunci koda yanayin, gaban ciwon daji ko rheumatism.

Albumin ne da ɗan rage a ciki da kuma lactating mata, kazalika da smokers. Wannan proteinaceous abu na iya zama a wani low maida hankali a lokacin da azumi tsautsayi gina jiki rage cin abinci, hormonal kwayoyi da kuma hana. A ƙara darajar wannan gwajin zai iya ya nuna gaban:

• pathologies daga m kuma na kullum yanayi hanta (cirrhosis, hepatitis, ƙari);
• raunin da konewa.
• sepsis, kamuwa da cuta, ko suppuration.
• rheumatism.
• fevers.
• zuciya rashin cin nasara.
• ciwon daji.
• magunguna yawan abin sama.

Normative albumin Figures ne:

haƙuri da shekaru	Rabo, g / l
yara	37 - 53
to shekaru 60	36 - 51
m shekaru 60 shekaru da kuma sama	35 - 47

jimlar gina jiki

Sunadaran - a polymeric abu sunadaran amino acid. A Biochemistry Kalmar "jimlar gina jiki" ya hada da adadin furotin a cikin jini magani da kuma kunshi albumin da globulins. Wannan nuna alama ne m ga ganewar asali na hanta cututtuka, gastrointestinal fili, da kuma ciwon daji a cikin tsanani samu rauni daga kuna. Gwada yawa awo na overall furotin zai bidiyon dikodi biochemical analysis na jini a adult, wanda aka bashi kasa tebur.

Age na haƙuri	Rabo, g / l
jarirai	48 - 73
har zuwa shekara 1	45 - 71
1-4 shekaru	62 - 73
5-7 shekaru	51 - 77
Yara daga 8 zuwa 15 shekaru	59 - 75
manya	65 - 84

Analysis Idan aka underreporting daga wadannan Figures, za mu iya ce da wadannan game da haƙuri da matsaloli:

• cutar.
• rheumatic cututtuka.
• ciwon daji.

A yara, kiwon batutuwan gina jiki yana tare da hanji toshewa, zawo da amai, ciwon kwalara, kuma mai tsanani konewa.

Idan wani mutum ya wannan jini sunadarai gwajin rage, shi za a iya ce da da wadannan cututtuka:

• pathological mamaki a cikin hanta da kai ga a rage samar da sunadarai ta hanyar wannan jiki;
• glomerulonephritis.
• pancreatitis.
• magudi a cikin narkewa kamar fili.

Yawancin lokaci, jimlar gina jiki rage a cikin marasa lafiya da manyan jini hasara, mai tsanani konewa, raunin da daban-daban kumburi tafiyar matakai, kazalika da azumi da kuma babban darasi.

C-amsawa gina jiki

Wannan bangaren yana nuna kumburi, kamuwa da cuta, gaban parasites. Tun da aiki na gina jiki - da janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da rigakafi, ta maida hankali fara ƙara sharply a lokacin bayyanuwar jiki ta halayen. Yadda aka saba, da CRP taro na 0.5 MG / l.

Domin likita CRP bincike yana da muhimmanci a cikin ganewar asali da cututtuka da kwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta. Har ila yau, masu kuzarin kawo cikas wannan nuna alama aka yi hukunci a kan tasiri na far. Dagagge CRP taro lura a:

• rheumatism.
• cututtuka na narkewa kamar tsarin.
• da tarin fuka.
• tsokar zuciya infarction.
• ciwon daji.
• meningitis.
• sepsis.
• rikitarwa bayan tiyata.

CRP maida hankali ne ta ƙara a lokacin da exacerbation na kullum cututtuka.

glycosylated haemoglobin

Haemoglobin ne ke da alhakin kai na oxygen kwayoyin a ko'ina cikin jiki. A lokacin Bugu da kari ga irin sunadaran da glucose samu abu kira glycated haemoglobin. An karuwa a cikin taro a cikin jinin - wani dalili na shakkun ciwon sukari. A kullum na gina jiki abun ciki - 4,1-6,6%. Lower Figures ne a tsawon lokaci abstinence daga abinci da kuma babban darasi.

myoglobin

Wannan gina jiki shi ne irin wannan a cikin aiki da haemoglobin. Yana SUPPLiES oxygen zuwa zuciya da kuma kwarangwal tsokoki. Standards myoglobin, ug / l:

• mace - 13-75;
• namiji - 18-92,1.

Karuwa a jini myoglobin ya ce:

• koda cuta.
• tsokar zuciya infarction.
• raunin da ya faru, konewa.
• convulsive mamaki.

Myoglobin ma da aka girma cikin wasanni da kuma far da elekroimpulsov.

Wannan jini da furotin da rage-rage a lokacin da:

• polymyositis.
• myasthenia gravis.
• rheumatoid amosanin gabbai.
• autoimmune halayen.

Transferrin, ferritin, magani zhelezosvertyvayuschaya ikon

Transferrin - mai gina jiki da alhakin kai na baƙin ƙarfe. Kullum da abinda ke ciki - 2,1-4,12 g / l. Its maida hankali ne ƙãgãwa a mata masu juna biyu da kuma an rage a cikin tsofaffi.

Idan jini Biochemistry nuna karin abun ciki na transferrin, shi iya nuna da wadannan cututtuka:

• kumburi.
• konewa.
• ciwon daji.
• cirrhosis.
• wuce haddi baƙin ƙarfe.
• hemochromatosis.

Karuwan transferrin nuna baƙin ƙarfe rashi anemia.

Ferritin - a gina jiki da aka samu a duk jiki ruwaye da Kwayoyin na jikin mutum. Yana nuna wurin da na baƙin ƙarfe Stores. Bisa al'ada sigogi na ferritin, ng / L a cikin jini ya dogara da bene, kuma ya kunshi:

• namiji - 21-252.
• mata - 11-122.

A mafi girma rates, yana yiwuwa ya yi magana da wadannan pathologies:

• Hemochromatosis tare da wani wuce haddi na baƙin ƙarfe.
• Oncology, sankarar bargo.
• dauke da kwayar cutar da kumburi cututtuka a kullum ko m.
• cutar hanta.

Low ferritin nuna gaban anemia.

CSH nuna yadda dauri na baƙin ƙarfe zuwa transferrin. Don sanin da yin amfani da anemia manufar latent LSC. The kudi ga wannan qa'idar 22-61 mol / l. Its karu ne a:

• hepatitis.
• anemia.

Rage daga cikin CSH aka lura a karkashin wadannan yanayi:

• cututtuka.
• ƙaruwa.
• nephrosis.
• sha;
• cirrhosis.
• hemochromatosis da thalassemia.

rheumatoid factor

Wadannan abubuwa ne da mulkin ga immunoglobulin aji G-lgG. Shi ne 'yan qasar zuwa ga jikin mutum sunadaran cewa an mutated da kuma fara gane sel daban-daban gabobin kamar yadda waje a ƙarƙashin rinjayar cutar. Al'ada biochemical bincike na jini a adult ga wannan nuna alama - 10.1 U / ml. A lokuta da ƙara yawa na gina jiki da ta je da wadannan ailments:

• cirrhosis.
• ciwon daji.
• polymyositis.
• rheumatoid amosanin gabbai.
• dermatomyositis.
• kamuwa da cuta.
• tsari lupus erythematosus.

enzymes

Deciphering da biochemical bincike na jini a manya, da tebur aka bai wa haƙuri a kan hannuwanku, kuma ya ƙunshi data a kan gwada yawa abun ciki na wadannan enzymes:

• Amylase. Wannan enzyme aka saki da yau (diastase) da kuma a cikin pancreas. Last kira pancreatic amylase. Diastase halin dokokin 29-101 U / L. Wucewa da wannan adadi show anomalies pancreas, cholecystitis, m peritonitis, mumps da ciwon sukari. Pancreatic amylase ne al'ada, idan an located a cikin 0-52 U / L. Babban taro na magana game da pathologies daga cikin pancreas.
• Lactate dehydrogenase - enzyme cewa za a iya samu a kusan dukkan gabobin da kyallen takarda. Tare da shekaru, da maida hankali da dama. Idan jariri ne abun ciki na LDH 2010 U / L, bayan shekaru 12, na kullum an rage wa 252 U / L. The babban taro na wannan enzyme nuna hypoxia, cardiac da jijiyoyin bugun gini cututtuka, da hanta, huhu, da kuma iya nuna ciwon daji.
• Creatine kinase - wani enzyme da cewa samar da tsokoki da makamashi. Da abun ciki na wannan abu nuna jini sunadarai. A dokoki fihirisa wannan enzyme bambanta dangane da shekaru da kuma jinsi. Idan kana da wani jariri, wannan nuna alama ya 650 U / L, da manya - game da 202 U / L.

Karuwan taro na CK tattaunawa game da zuciya ailments, tetanus, hypothyroidism, tsakiya m tsarin cututtuka da kuma ciwon daji. A taro na enzyme an rage a lokacin murdede dystrophy da rashin aiki.

Abun ciki na waɗannan da sauran enzymes za ka ba da shawara biochemical bincike na jini. Biochemistry na jini kuma iya gaya game da maida hankali da wadannan enzymes: alanine aminotransferase, gamma - GT, AST, esterase, phosphatase alkaline da lipase.

lipids

Babban Manuniya ne jini biochemical bincike da kuma lipids mmol / l:

• total cholesterol, da al'adar 3,2-6,12.
• LDL, na kullum ga maza - 2,26-4,81, ga mata - 1,9-4,51.
• HDL cholesterol, da na kullum ga maza 0,73-1,74 ga mata - 0,87-2,27.

Inflated Figures daga wadannan sharudda magana game da cututtuka na zuciya da jini, kodan, gout, pancreatic munanan, kiba, anorexia da kuma shan barasa. Rage sia shaidar anemia, zuciya rashin cin nasara, cututtuka, cirrhosis da cutar sankaran hanta, cututtuka na huhu.

carbohydrates

Table biochemical analysis na jini, dikodi mai abin da yake ban sha'awa a cikin dukan marasa lafiya, wato ya ƙunshi bayani game da abun ciki na carbohydrates:

• Glucose. Shi ne mai hukunci factor a cikin ganewar asali da ciwon sukari. Norms na glucose a cikin jini, mol / L ne: a yara da kuma matasa - 3,34-5,6. manya - 3,95-5,82. bayan shekaru 60 - 6.4. A high carbohydrate abun ciki na wannan magana na endocrine ailments, ciwon sukari, ciwon zuciya da kuma bugun jini, cututtuka da pancreas da kuma koda. Rage glucose nuna gastrointestinal cututtuka, da guba, da hypothyroidism.
• Fructosamine ne mai rarrabẽwa a cikin ganewar asali da ciwon sukari mellitus da kimantawa da ingancin da magani. Its taro iyaka - 203-282 mmol / l. A cikin hali na high martabobi da shi ne a koda munanan, da ciwon sukari ko hypothyroidism. At low yawa na fructosamine hali na hyperthyroidism kuma koda cututtuka.

pigments

Daga cikin sauran Manuniya a bincike na "jini Biochemistry," za ka iya samun alamar "bilirubin". An auna a mmol / l kuma shi ne na dama iri:

• Direct. Norma 0-3,32.
• Overall. Kullum 3,38-17,23.

Karuwan bilirubin nuna munanan na hanta da kuma gurgunta, a bitamin _B12.

Sauran aka gyara na jini da sunadarai

Kowane likita yana da wani ra'ayin yadda za a decipher da biochemical bincike da jini: al'ada (Table: manya da yara) da kōwānè ake bukata domin tantance yanayin haƙuri. Bugu da kari a wadannan aka gyara a cikin jerin sakamakon awon bincike kunshi:

nuna alama	raka'a ji	na kullum
creatinine	mmol / l	har zuwa shekara guda - 17-36 daga shekara guda zuwa shekaru 14 - 28-61 mace - 52-98 namiji - 61-116
uric acid		har zuwa shekaru 14 - 1,83-6,42 namiji - 210-420 mata - 151-352
urea	mmol l	har zuwa shekaru 14 - 1,83-6,42 manya 14-60 shekaru - 2,51-6,42 bayan shekaru 60 - 2,91-7,52
potassium		har zuwa shekara - 4,12-5,31 1-14 shekaru - 3,42-4,72 manya - 3,51-5,54
alli		2,23-2,52
sodium		136-145
chlorine		98-107
magnesium		0,63-1,12
phosphorus		2 har zuwa shekara - 1,46-2,15 2-12 shekaru - 1,45-1,77 manya 12-60 shekaru - 0,88-1,46 mata bayan shekaru 60 - 0,9-1,33 mutumin bayan shekaru 60 - 0,73-1,22
iron	mmol / l	har zuwa shekara - 7,22-17,92 1-14 shekaru - 9,03-21,52 mace - 9,0-30,4 namiji - 11,63-30,42
Witham B12	shafi / ml	180-900
folic acid	ng / ml	3,1-18

A kimantawa yarda da bayanan samu daga nazarin jini sunadarai, dole la'akari da matsayin da dakin gwaje-gwaje inda bincike da aka yi. Domin yin wani cikakken ganewar asali, likita ne ake bukata don sanya ƙarin bincike.