Ability don rayuwa - shi ne tushen Physiology

All rayayyun kwayoyin halitta da cewa zauna duniya tamu, an halin wasu sharudda. Da farko, shi ne aiki da kuma da ya kwarara daga wani iri-iri na physiological tafiyar matakai. In ba haka ba, su bayyanar za a iya bayyana a cikin irin wannan ra'ayi kamar yadda harshen damo. Shin mai tarin dukan matakai da faruwa a halittu masu rai, ko da kuwa su matakin na kungiyar. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu fadada a kan wasu daga cikinsu.

Ability don rayuwa - shi ne tushen ga wanzuwar kwayoyin

Sassan physiological matakai da su matakan da ake ƙaddara da tsarin fasali na daban-daban kwayoyin. Alal misali, mutum aiki ne sosai hadaddun da shi ne batun da juyayi da kuma humoral tsari. Kuma da cutar an rage zuwa m aiwatar da haifuwa ta kai-taron. photosynthesis na shuke-shuke, da dabbobi narkewa, fission na kwayan Kwayoyin - ba kawai da ikon rayuwa. Wannan sa na matakai da samar da metabolism da kuma homeostasis.

da rayuwa tafiyar matakai

Rayayyun kwayoyin halitta halin da matakai kamar cin abinci, da numfashi, motsi, haifuwa, girma, ci gaba, gadar hali, bambancin da kuma karbuwa. A m aiki - a hade da duk na sama. Kowane taxonomic kungiyar, suna da nasu halaye. Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikinsu a cikin mafi daki-daki.

abinci

Dangane da irin ikon duk kwayoyin kasu kashi auto- da heterotrophs. Na farko da kungiyar hada da tsire-tsire da kuma wasu iri kwayoyin. Su iya samar da nasu kwayoyin mahadi. Don yin wannan, shuke-shuke amfani da makamashin hasken rana, ta hanyar abin da aka hada a cikin chloroplast na monosaccharide glucose. Saboda haka su ma kira phototrophic. Kwayoyin cutar abinci source ne da makamashi da sunadarai shaidu na Organic mahadi. Wadannan guda-celled kwayoyin suna kuma kira chemotroph.

Dabbobi, da kuma fungi assimilate kawai shirye kwayoyin halitta. Su heterotrophic. Daga cikin su akwai da dama kungiyoyin da suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin yanayin wani abinci Madogararsa. Alal misali, da yara farautar abincinsu, da hadaya ta da shi, da kuma saprotrophs cinye rubabben kwayoyin halitta. Domin na musamman kungiyar hada mixotrophy. A karkashin sharadi gwargwado, su haduwa carbohydrates kadai, kuma za a canjawa wuri zuwa heterotrophic abinci mai gina jiki, idan ya cancanta. Misalai ne mixotrophy euglena kore, mistletoe, rogolist, Volvox.

numfashin

A ra'ayi ya hada da ba wai kawai da numfashi oxygen amfani da carbon dioxide da kima. A wannan tsari, Organic abubuwa suna oxidized don saki wani adadin na makamashi. An "adana" a ATP kwayoyin. A sakamakon haka, kwayoyin suna bayar da wani ajiye wanda za a iya amfani idan ya cancanta. A shuka numfasawa ya auku a cikin mitochondria na sel, da kuma samar da iskar gas musayar irin wannan abubuwa rufe masana'anta a matsayin stomata da lenticels. A dabbobi, raka'a samar da wannan tsari ne gills ko huhu.

Mutane da yawa prokaryotic kwayoyin ne iya anaerobic numfasawa. Wannan yana nufin cewa hadawan abu da iskar shaka hanyoyin gudanar da mahadi da suka faru ba tare da sa hannu na oxygen. Wadannan su ne nitrogen-kayyade, da baƙin ƙarfe, da sulfur kwayoyin.

haifuwa

Wani bayyanuwar rayuwa - haifuwa kwayoyin. Wannan tsari na tabbatar da cin gaba da al'ummomi. Muhimmanci Properties na dukan abubuwa masu rai ne da ikon aika da ãyõyin hereditary kuma saya sababbi, tabbatar da karbuwa ga taba-canza muhalli da yanayi.

Akwai manyan hanyoyi biyu na haifuwa: jima'i da kuma asexual. A farko faruwa tare da sa hannu na gametes. Mace da namiji Kwayoyin fis, bada Yunƙurin zuwa wani sabon kwayoyin. Bespololoe haifuwa iya faruwa ta rarraba zuwa biyu Kwayoyin, sporulation, dake tasowa ko vegetatively.

Girmansu da ci

A yanayin rayuwa na wani kwayoyin ne ma a cikin gwada yawa da kuma gwajin kwari canje-canje da suka faru a lokacin da yanayin halitta na juya. Saboda cell division da farfadowa matakai da aka bayar karuwa. A shuke-shuke da kuma fungi shi ne Unlimited. Wannan yana nufin cewa su kara a size cikin rayuwa. Dabbobi kuma girma ne kawai a wasu lokuta. Bayan nan, wannan tsari yana tafiya ne kare. Girmancin tare da ci gaba. Wannan ra'ayi ne mai ingantaccen canji, wanda bayyana kansu a cikin irin haduwar rayuwa tafiyar matakai. Girmansu da ci bi juna da ake inextricably nasaba.

Saboda haka, m aiki na kwayoyin - a sa na physiological matakai, don tabbatar da metabolism da kuma homeostasis - gyaran da akai ciki yanayi. Babban wadanda suke da abinci, da numfashi, haifuwa, motsi, ci gaba da kuma ci gaba.