Bartolomeu Dias: biography kuma samu

Portuguese Explorer Bartolomeu Dias ne daya daga cikin na farko Turai explorers na duniya tekuna. Mafi shahara daga cikin tafiya a kan cewa ya kasance iya circumnavigate Afirka.

farkon shekaru

Farkon biography Bartolomeu Dias kusan unknown saboda ta bai tabbata asalin. Ya aka haife game da 1550. Future navigator sa'a don samun ilmi a cikin University of Lisbon. A cikin babban mazaunin Portuguese ilmi Bartolomeu Dias karatu lissafi da kuma ilmin taurari. Wadannan sciences su ne babban m batutuwa ga tuƙi. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa saurayi daura da ransa tafiya.

The biyu da rabi na XV karni ne mai girma lokaci ya zama Navigator. Bartolomeu Dias yana cikin na farko Turai tsara cewa shi aka qaddara domin fara bude ƙasa mai nisa. Kafin wannan, a cikin ra'ayi na Katolika na duniya da aka iyakance zuwa ga nahiyar da kuma biyu sauran sassa na duniya - Afrika da Asiya. A Late tsakiyar zamanai akwai wani fasaha tsalle. Akwai sabon motocin da kuma kayan aiki, wanda a yarda da shugabannin su ci gaba da dama hanya.

A cikin matasa, Bartolomeu Dias yi aiki a tashar jiragen ruwa. Da farko balaguro da ya faru a 1481. A wannan lokaci, kawai Portuguese fara gano gabar yammacin kasar na Afirka. Bartolomeu Dias dauki bangare a cikin shiri na muhimmanci Elmina Fort cikin abin da yake a yanzu Ghana. Wannan sansanin soja da ya zama wata babbar sufuri batu na nan gaba na Portuguese expeditions.

farko tafiya

A Portuguese hukumomi sun a hankali bi da labarai daga navigators. Turai sarakuna aka damu da wani irin ra'ayin samun hanya mafi guntu zuwa m India. A cikin wannan kasar, akwai mutane da yawa da tsada da kuma na musamman kayayyakin. A jihar, wanda sarrafawa cinikayya da India, zai zama wani tsari na girma aukaka daga abin da suke makwabta.

Babban gwagwarmaya a cikin XV-XVI ƙarni. tẽku ya tsakanin Portugal da Spain. Su jiragen ruwa suka gasar a ciki Turai kasuwar, kuma sun kasance yanzu a shirye don motsawa bayan Tsohon World. Portuguese Korol Zhuan II kaina dubawa da bincike aikin na gabar yammacin Afirka. Monarch so don gano yadda nisa-kai wannan nahiyar da kudu, da kuma shi ne zai yiwu ya tafi kusa da tare da taimakon rundunar motoci.

A 1474, saboda da jihar Diogo Kahn balaguro aka shirya. Ya kasance wani gogaggen kyaftin, wani abokin tarayya, kuma da wani aboki wanda ya Bartolomeu Dias. Kanu gudanar a samu to Angola da kuma bude wani sabon iyaka ga mãsu mayẽwa. A lokacin tafiya, wani tsoro Explorer aka kashe da kuma balaguro koma Lisbon.

Balaguro zuwa Indiya

Juan II na, duk da rashin cin nasara, ba ya so ya daina. Ya sa tare da wani sabon jiragen ruwa. A wannan lokaci, da shugaban rundujar soja masu dawaki zama Bartolomeu Dias. Binciken da zai iya yi, idan nasara a kamfani, ya juya zuwa wakilci na Turawa game da duniya a kusa da su. Dias samu uku jiragen ruwa. Daya daga cikin su ya umarci dan'uwan da navigator Diogo.

A total na 60 mutane kasance a kan tawagar. Waɗannan su ne mafi gwani kuma gogaggen matuƙan a lokacinsa. Dukan su sun kasance, a Afrika, da kyau a san ~ ar ruwan da safest hanya. Musamman tsaya Alinker Peru - cikin shahararrun navigator ya zamanin.

A cikin tekun Afrika

Dias tanã gudãna daga ƙasarsa ta kasar a lokacin rani na 1487. Tuni a watan Disamba, ya ya iya shawo kan shamaki, ba iko da na karshe balaguro. Saboda hadari da jiragen ruwa ya bar for a yayin da a cikin teku. Cikin Janairu da jirgin ruwa ya ɓace a cikin ta Kudu Atlantic. Sai taguwar ruwa ta aka samun colder, kuma tawagar ta bayyana cewa shi ne kashe hanya. An yanke shawarar mayar da al'amarĩna. Duk da haka, ta hanyar wannan lokaci shi drifted for biyu kananan jirgin ne da nisan gabas.

A karshe, a kan Fabrairu 3, da matuƙan sake ga Afirka ƙasar astern. Saboda da meandering hanya suka shiga jirgin ruwa da Cape of Good Hope - da kudancin batu na ɓangaren duniya. Gabatowa da tudu, da Portuguese gan da duwãtsu, kuma kore tuddai. Bright da kuma kyakkyawan yanayi na wadannan wurare wahayi zuwa Dias kira da bay, wanda ya hada da jiragen ruwa, bay Pastukhov. Turawa a zahiri gan shanu da kuma masu su - gida mazauni.

A bakin Hottentots rayu. Wannan kabilar farko koya kasancewar fari mutane. The balaguro Bartolomeu Dias da aka shirya da kyau - da Portuguese da tare da Afrika daga Ghana (idan kana bukatar tafinta). Duk da haka, ba su iya samun kowa da harshen tare da Hottentots. Da mazauni ne m game da bare da farmaki da su. Daya daga cikin su tare da crossbow harbe kansa Bartolomeu Dias. Afirka ta kasance inhospitable. Turawa da su gudãna da kuma kokarin samun fi shuru wuri zuwa kasa.

makõma take

All tafiya Bartolomeu Dias ne unpredictable. Babu wani daga cikin jirgin ba ta san abin da jiran su a kan sabon tudu. Bayan da rikici da mazauni, da Portuguese tanã gudãna game da ɗari kilomita zuwa gabas. A cikin yankin na zamani birnin Port Elizabeth, da jami'an fara bukaci a dawo gida. Na sãɓã wa jũna Bartolomeu Dias. Biography ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa na cike da hatsarori. Ya so ya ci gaba da hanya zuwa gabas. Duk da haka, da kyaftin an har yanzu rasa ga bukatun na tawagar, dõmin tsõron wani bore. Bugu da kari, jami'an da matuƙan fuskantar barazana da wani fashewa da scurvy a kan jiragensu. Turawa kokarin restock shan ruwa a kan gaci, amma zai sãmi ĩko da matukan jirgin a wani mataki na yin iyo a cikin zamanin da cutar.

A kan hanyar dawo da jiragen ruwa karshe bayyana a bakin cikin Cape of Good Hope. Turawa na farko ya zo da kudancin batu na nahiyar Afirka. Sa'an nan wannan wuri da aka kira da Cape na hadari. Wannan ya faru sunan Bartolomeo Dias. Abin da ya gano a cikin m 1488? Da shi shi ne mafi guntu teku hanya zuwa India. Dias da kansa bai taba ziyarci wannan nisa da kyawawa, amma ya zama babban riga na Portuguese binciken.

muhimmancin bude

Bayan watanni 16 na tafiya, a karshen 1488, Dias koma kasarsa. Binciken da suka jihar m. Portugal ji tsoron cewa labarai na sabon ƙasashe hura amfani a Spain. A saboda wannan dalili, ba su da ko da rubuce shaida game da gamuwa da João Dias. Duk da haka, babu shakka a gare cewa ya aka sãka ya ƙarfin hali da kuma kwarewa.

A paucity na takardun da suka shafi cikin balaguro, shi ne dalilin da cewa masana tarihi ba zai iya gane abin da jirgin ya Dias - caravel ko wasu model. Duk da yake ko da Portuguese da kuma Spain da kuma kadan kwarewa a teku bincike. Mutane da yawa tafiya shirya sun fi mayar a kan naka kasadar. Babu togiya aka tafiya Dias.

Shiri na wani sabon tafiya zuwa gabas

Kafin Portugal bude up m damar mini ne. Duk da haka dogon kambi ja zuwa kungiyar na wani sabon balaguro. A Juan fara da ciwon matsaloli tare da kudi da kuma ayyukan sami hanyar zuwa gabas don wani lokaci da aka rage.

Kawai a 1497 da monarch karshe aika jiragen ruwa zuwa Indiya. Duk da haka, shugaban na balaguro aka nada Vasco da Gama. Bartolomeu Dias, photos na Monuments a kowane littafi na labarin kasa, samu wani tsari. A tsohon kyaftin ta ɗauki nauyin gina jiragen ruwa don balaguro na abokinsa. Dias kamar yadda babu wanda kuma san abin da Portuguese za su hadu da a gabashin teku. Jirãge fara a kan aikin, ba kunya da matafiya zuwa India.

ci gaba da sabis

Lokacin da balaguro na Vasco da Gama ya shirye su bar, Dias aka nada Kwamandan sansanin soja a kan Gold Coast (zamani Guinea). Navigator tare matafiya zuwa India dai shi ne a cikin Fort, inda ya kasance yanzu bauta wa.

Hasashe Dias na Indiya ya tabbatar 'yan shekaru baya. Vasco da Gama, bin umarnin na da mazan aboki, da gaske samu zuwa almara kasar. Ba da da ewa zuwa Portugal ta gudana tsada Gabas kayayyakin, sanya wannan kananan mulki daya daga cikin mafi arziki kasashen Turai.

A samu na Brazil

Last tafiya Dias shi ne balaguro zuwa Brazil. Idan Portuguese aka neman India, wadannan gabas shakka, su main fafatawa a gasa Spaniards tafi zuwa yamma. Saboda haka, a cikin 1492, Christopher Columbus ya gano America. News game da sabon unexplored nahiyar da kuma tsibiran zuwa yamma da Portuguese da sha'awar.

Sarki ya kudi da dama expeditions don samun gaba na Spain. A wannan lokaci, ya kasance mai mulkin a Turai siyasa, a cikin abin da sabon bincike ƙasashe zama dukiyar kasar, wanda ya kasance daga cikin jirãge, ya bude mini ne fake tudu.

A 1500, Bartolomeu Dias gudu da jirgin a matsayin wani ɓangare na balaguro, wanda ya kai Brazil. Portuguese jiragen ruwa tafiya kudu daga cikin saba Spanish hanya. Nasarar da tafiya ya m. Beach da aka bude, wanda ya ba da iyaka a wurin. Turawa gane ba: cikin hanyar shi ne a Indiya ko a cikin gaba daya daban-daban na duniya.

Dias yana da wani arziki a kan hanyar dawo: Mayu 29, 1500, ya jirgin kasance a cikin wani mummunan hadari na Atlantic, wanda su ne don haka tsoro na Turai masu bincike. Jirãge jarumi da kuma gogaggen kyaftin aka rasa. Ya mutu a cikin ruwaye, wanda immortalized sunansa.