Battle of Kulikovo: short labarin. 1380, Dmitry Donskoy, Zolotaya Orda Mamaia

A XIV karni Rasha sarauta ci gaba da rayuwa karkashin Yoke na Golden taro. Babu wata guda siyasa cibiyar, wanda zai iya haifar da gwagwarmaya da mangolawa. Wannan rawa fadi zuwa Moscow sarauta. Its shugabanni ga gaci a gasar Tver.

Bunqasar kusa Moscow

Hakan ya kai Moscow tattara haraji ga Golden taro. A 1374, bayan Mamai goyon Prince of Tver a gwagwarmayar da kursiyin Vladimir da Dmitry Donskoy ya ki biya shi da zinariya tattara daga jama'a. A nan gaba, da rikici ya juya a cikin wani bude yaki.

Rasha sojojin washe Tsakiya Volga Tatars. A 1377 aka rinjãye su a kan kogin bugu. Moscow ta sojojin amsa bayan 'yan watanni. A Vozha kogin da suka ga gaci Murza Begich. Duk da haka, wadannan fadace-fadace da aka sani kawai, sunã karanta mai zuwa yaƙi.

Tattara sojoji da ta yi

A watan Agusta 1380, Dmitry Donskoy shirya tarin dukkan sojojin Rasha. A karkashin ya jagoranci su ne Army da sauran mulkoki. Sun kasance mafi yawa Suzdal da SMOLENTSEV. Har ila yau, ya zo a kananan rajimanti na Tver, wanda aka kai da dan wa na Prince of Danzig. Har yanzu, akwai muhawara, akwai da ya shiga Novgorod.

Ko ta wani hanya, amma Don gudanar da tara a karkashin ta banner zuwa 70 dubu warriors. The sojojin ya kasu kashi uku sassa. The most rajimanti a cibiyar jagorancin Dmitry. A dama tsaya Yaroslavl karkashin jagorancin Vladimir Andreyevich - Serpukhov yarima da kuma dan uwan Don. Hagu jagoranci Bryansk gwamnan Gleb. Ga zo da wani iko duka, a lokacin da yakin Kulikovo Field a 1380.

A kan hanyar zuwa ƙasar mangolawa Muscovite sojojin ziyarci Sergiya Radonezhskogo. The kafa na Triniti Lavra na St. Sergius da aka sani a duk faɗin ƙasar. Ya sanya albarka a cikin sojoji da kuma ya Dmitri biyu heroes, wanda ya kasance a baya sufaye - Peresvet da Oslyablyu.

Uwar yana zaton cewa Rasha sojojin bai yi kuskure tafi Oka da kuma daukar wani matakin tsaro, matsayi, kamar yadda ya yi a baya-fadace. Duk da haka, Dmitry so buga farko, don haka kamar yadda ba su da damar da Tatars haɗawa tare da kawayenta. Wannan mataki shi ne musamman m - wanzuwa duk reserves da kuma albarkatun. A hali na shan kashi, sojojin za gaba daya ya mutu, kuma ba samun gida.

Duk da yake sojojin Rasha tafi zuwa ga Don, shiga ta Lithuanian sojojin. Suna jagorancin 'ya'yan Algirdas - Dmitry da Andrey. A karkashin su Banners sun mazauna Pskov, Polotsk, da sauransu. D. Bayan isowa daga reinforcements, an yanke shawarar cewa Vladimir Andreyevich za a karkashin jagorancin rajimanti a wani sumame, Andrey Olgerdovich zai jagoranci sojojin da dama daga cikin Don.

Mamai aka shirya don ku yi yãƙi a wuya yanayi. The Golden taro ci gaba da yakin basasa. Mamai barazanar Tokhtamysh da zai iya kai farmaki makiya kai tsaye saboda Volga.

A hanya na yaƙi

Lokacin da sojojin Rasha suka haye Don, su ne musamman ƙone dukan gadoji. Wannan ya yi domin ya Mamaia ba zai iya samun sãshensu waliyyai ne daga wasu Lithuanian shugabanninmu, da kuma Ryazan. A ranar 7 ga Satumba, sojojin karshe dauki matsayinsa, jiran abokan gaba. Vladimir A. tare da Dmitriem Bobrokom-Volyn aka aiko zuwa kurmi, inda ya aka buga tare da sabo sojojin a cikin hukunci lokacin. A dukan yamma da kuma dare na Don sojojin rangadin da kuma bari hãlãyensu. Sai Tartars zo fadin farko Rasha yan leƙen asirin ƙasar.

Dmitry so ya zama kai tsaye shiga a cikin yaƙi tsakanin talakawa sojoji. Saboda haka ya canza makamai tare da daya daga confidants. Tatars, ba da sanin game da magajinsa kashe wani mutum wanda suka dauki na sarki.

Battle of Kulikovo, a takaice dai asusun na wanda ba a da dama wallafe-wallafen kafofin, ya fara ranar 8 ga watan Satumba. The sojojin suka taru kafin rana tsaka, jiran sarkin domin.

An sani cewa tare da yaki da Peresvet Chelubey fara yakin Kulikovo. A takaice labarin, ko wajen wani fasara wannan episode - da kuma abin da ya sa wani ra'ayi, to ka ce kome ba daga cikin cikakken rubutu a cikin tarihin! Shi ne wani tsoho al'ada, a lokacin da biyu daga cikin mafi iko warrior - daya daga kowane daga cikin yaƙe jam'iyyun - suka yi jihãdi tete-a-tete. Dukansu mahaya sun mutu daga cikin naushe na kofe.

Sa'an nan duka biyu sojojin garzaya zuwa juna. Babban duka fadi a kan cibiyar da hagu flank na Rasha tawagar. Wasu daga cikin sojojin nan da aka yanke daga babban taro. Fighting fara tattara zuwa ga Nepryadva, saboda wanda akwai wani hatsarin raya hutu. Hot ya yakin Kulikovo. Sojojin Rasha sha wahala da tsanani hasarori, shi da jũna, ya game da su sãmi ĩko makiya ...

Attack kwanto rajimanti

A wannan lokaci a cikin itacen oak a nan kusa akwai wata muhawara tsakanin Vladimir Serpukhov da kuma yaki Bobrok. The prince yi nufin ya dam a Tatars kusan nan da nan bayan da farkon na yaƙi. Duk da haka, da gwamnan ya yi magana, da kuma tawagar aka jiran dama lokacin, yayin da yaƙi ci gaba a kan Kulikovo filin. A takaice labarin game da shi, daga hanyar, ya ƙunshi wani wallafe-wallafen aikin "Zadonshchina" da aka rubuta a karshen cikin XV karni.

A karshe Tatar sojan doki kusata da Nepryadva, ke bi gudu rajimanti hagu. Sai a wannan lokacin da sojoji, da aka laɓe, ya bugi maƙiyi. The sojojin doki basu da lokaci zuwa ja da baya a lokacin da aka zahiri share da kogin. A lokaci guda suka kaddamar da wani farmakin raka'a karkashin jagorancin Don.

Duk wannan lokaci Mamai bi da yaƙi daga nesa, kewaye da ayarinsa. Bayan da a saki 'yan kwanto tawagar, sai ya gane cewa sun rasa yakin Kulikovo. A takaice labarin wannan episode ba zai iya kai halin da ake ciki da cewa rinjaye a fagen yaƙi. Kuwata, kururuwarta, shiririta mãsu bãyar da bãya suka gudu a cikin tsoro Tatars ...

yaƙi Karshen

Hijira fyauce game da 50 mil. Tsira kawai ushirin da sojojin abokan gaba. Chase jagoranci Vladimir Serpukhov. Dmitry Donskoy ya ji rauni, da kuma abokan aiki ba zai iya samun shi a cikin da yawa gawawwaki. A karshe, ya sãmi wata fariyar Birch. Yana buga daga cikin sirdi, da kuma sarkin ya iya ja jiki zuwa gandun daji. Lokacin da ya zo ga, ya tearfully fara taya murna da cin nasara.

Battle of Kulikovo a 1380 ya fara a cikin wannan shekara da kuma ƙare. Tsira fara tattara da rauni. Kuraye miƙa ga dama kilomita. Lithuanian Prince Jagiello, wanda bai zo ba tukuna a kan inna kudaden shiga, koyo game da Rasha nasara, tako baya gida. Duk da haka, wasu sassa na shi ya tafi zuwa fashi da kuma kashe da stragglers. Ryazan yarima kuma ƙi wani ƙawance da inna da kuma ya roƙe "ƙaramin" dangane da mulkin Moscow.

darajar

Battle of Kulikovo, wanda ya fara da shekara hutu don Rasha, ya kai ga cewa Moscow ya karshe ya kafa kansa a matsayin shugaban siyasa. Zolotaya Orda shiga jerin crises da kuma yakin basasa. Duk da haka, ko da shekara ɗari daya daga cikin khans da'awa zuwa bukaci haraji daga Rasha. A karshe karkiya aka ragu a karkashin Ivan III, a 1480, bayan tsaye a kan Ugra.

Wannan matsayi ya tabbatar da kara abubuwan tarihin. Game da yakin Kulikovo songs da Legends aka hada da mutane. Shi ya zama wata alama ce da yawa daga cikin kasar. A zamani Rasha, a kan Satumba 21 (Satumba 8, Old Style) shi aka gane Rãnar Soja Tsarki.