Dimethyl ether - zamani makãmashin dizal injuna

Esters na - Kalam na alcohols, kwayoyin na wanda wani hydrogen zarra na wani OH kungiyar da aka sauya a kan wani carbon m. Domin hankula ester metamerism da isomerism hydrocarbon sarkar.

hydrocarbon sarkar isomerism ne saboda ta sashe.

Metamerism - irin isomerism a cikin abin da biyu ko fiye esters da irin wannan kwayoyin dabara amma daban-daban kwayoyin tsarin saboda da daban-daban radicals a garesu na oxygen "gada". Alal misali, cikin kwayoyin dabara yayi dace da uku S4N10O ester:

- CH3-O-CH (CH3) 2.

- CH3-O-C3H7.

- C2H5-O-C2H5.

Wadannan abubuwa ana shirya synthetically, ciki har da dimethyl ether. Da dabara na wannan fili da aka wakilta biyu methyl radicals, waxanda suke da juna oxygen "gada".

Ya kamata a lura da cewa yanayin da esters a free jihar ba ya faruwa. Dimethyl da methyl ethyl esters, - gas. A na gaba 'yan wakilan - ruwa, yayin da sama esters - daskararru. Su ne sosai talauci mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, sosai a cikin kwayoyin kaushi. Average wakilan (dipropyl, propiletilovy diethyl) - muhimman kwayoyin kaushi. Jiki Properties daga wadannan kwayoyin mahadi bambanta dangane da kwayoyin nauyi.

Dimethyl ether Shiri na

Bayyana wani abu ne da zuciya mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, ethanol, diethyl da dipropyl ether. Wannan ester an samu saboda dehydration kuma methanol matsayin byproduct na samar da methanol daga CO da H2. Amfani da refrigeration tsarin a matsayin refrigerant.

A nan gaba, dizal injuna za a canja ba a kan gas, da kuma dimethyl ether. Irin wannan maimaitawa su kudin ne da yawa mai rahusa idan aka kwatanta da miƙa mulki ga iskar gas. A manyan kasashen a samar da wadannan injuna ne Amurka, Rasha da kuma Japan.

A farkon 21st karni, gwamnatin Rasha yanke shawarar a kan yin amfani da madadin habaka a hanya kai. Dimethyl ether da ake amfani a manyan motoci. Irin wannan m shawarar da aka sanya saboda gaskiyar cewa watsi da nitrogen mahadi daga dizal injuna shigar a manyan motoci, a cikin kafaffun iyakoki sau da yawa. Dimethyl ether shi ne manufa domin irin wannan engine, suka kusan ba bukatar da za a kerata. Kawai ta hanyar amfani da sabon madadin man fetur sabon kyautata engine kai matakin na Yuro-3 muhalli.

Hukumomi na duniya ne m cewa nan gaba makãmashin dizal injuna ne dimethyl ether. A yau shi ne wani abu samar da yafi by refining iskar gas. A farkon matakai na aiwatar lends kanta zuwa Gyara iskar gas, game da shi, samar da wani kira gas. Bayan nan, shi ne tuba zuwa cikin methyl barasa. Bugu da ari, amenable methanol dehydration, game da shi samun dimethyl ether. Akwai wani hanya domin kira na ce ester - kai tsaye hira kira gas zuwa methanol.

Esters idan aka kwatanta da man dizal yana da abũbuwan amfãni, kuma, ba shakka, disadvantages. A tsarin da ester kwayoyin bace "carbon-carbon" bond. Saboda da babba oxygen abun ciki shi na samar da kyau atomization da alura iska a cikin wani yanayi da zazzabi t mafi girma tafasar abu da kanta. Wadannan halaye inganta konewa. Ta hanyar amfani da wannan madadin man fetur rage-rage engine amo, yanã ƙara ta AMINCI.

Babban ko rashin amfani wannan ester hada da ƙananan calorific darajar da kuma ƙananan yawa. Duk da wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a fetur amfani. Wannan al'amari ne sosai matalauta lubricating Properties.