Kowa ya kamata a sani: GDP - cewa shi ne

Mai karatu suka yi binciken da tattalin arziki, ba shakka, sanin GDP - shi ne. A manufar wannan labarin - to Brush up a kan darajar wannan ma'auni na aiki na jihar na tattalin arziki. Ina gabatar da shi ga tattalin arziki kimiyya 'yan qasar na Pinsk (Minsk lardin) Saymon Smit Kuznets, an American tattalin arziki, lashe 1971 Nobel Prize. Halitta su adadi (a anglyski GDP) an gabatar don amfani a 1934. Shi ne alamar, shi ne a yanzu yadu amfani a duniya.

A tattalin arziki jigon da GDP (GDP)

Abin da za a iya ce na tattalin arziki yanayi na GDP? Mene ne tarin yi a wannan shekarar a jihar kaya da kuma ayyuka, ya bayyana a kasuwa darajar. Kawai sa, yana cewa ga shekara ta kasa samar. Lissafi da kudi na musamman dabarbari a hanyoyi uku: a kan darajar kara da cewa ta samun kudin shiga, kudi.

An fara wani zance game da hanya makroekonomichnogo wannan siga, tuna cewa shi nuna irin muhimmancin da maras muhimmanci na GDP (kimanta - a farashin da yanzu shekara) da kuma real GDP (a baya shekara farashin). Babu shakka cewa real adadi, kamar yadda tsayayya wa maras muhimmanci, idan muka yi watsi da factor na kumbura, ya nuna ci gaban da tattalin arziki ta hanyar ci gaban samar.

A rabo (a matsayin sulusi da murabba'i), inda numerator - maras muhimmanci, da kuma hada - ainihi, an kira da GDP deflator, amfani da ilimin kididdiga hukumomi domin kima na samarwa a cikin tattalin arzikin kasar.

Kammala amsar wannan tambaya: "The hanya na GDP - cewa shi ne," nuna nau'i biyu na sigogi: m (idan samar da ayyuka a yanayi na cika aikin yi) da kuma ainihin (unrounded, a vivo). Su, a alamance magana, shi ne halin "aminci gefe."

A muhimmancin Rasha GDP

Kamar yadda na aikin data daga Rosstat, a 2013 ta ragae idan aka kwatanta da shekara ta gabata Rasha ta GDP girma. A dalilin - da intensification na duniya tattalin arziki da rikicin, kuma a sakamakon - tabarbarewar a farashin man. Abin da wannan na nufin, bisa ga hukuma bayanai? Dakushe GDP girma idan aka kwatanta da shekara ta gabata - daga 3.4% zuwa 1.3%. Da yake jawabi a cikakkar sharuddan, sa'an nan a shekarar 2013 da maras muhimmanci GDP amounted zuwa 66 689 tiriliyan rubles. A cewar wannan nuna alama, da Rasha, tattalin arzikin - biyar a duniya. A sakamakon 2013 mafi tsauri a cikin tattalin arziki hadaddun wajen samar da aikin noma da kuma da gandunan daji - 3.2%.

ƙarshe

Wannan Macro tattalin arziki a cikin cikakkar sharuddan, ba ya nuna abin da irin tattalin arzikin bada Yunƙurin zuwa gare shi. Don sanin wannan, kana bukatar ka nazarci bayani na ciki tsarin. Idan muka yi la'akari da rabo daga Rasha ta GDP a kan wani iri-iri na masana'antu, mun ga cewa da man fetur da kuma iskar gas sa shi 28-30%, da kuma aikin injiniya kayayyakin - kasa da 5%. na reserves - a bayyane yake. Saboda da predominance na samar da primary masana'antu maras GDP dogara a kan Rasha a farashin man da kuma iskar gas. Kintace na ci gaba na'ura-Ginin na kasar - suna alamar rahama. Su dattako ta maras muhimmanci kudi, zai zama m zuwa kasuwar hawa da sauka a albarkatun kasa farashin. Bugu da ari, ci gaban tattalin arziki ne zai haifar da wani karuwa a cikin rabo na aikin injiniya da kayayyakin. A nan gaba, a jerin articles, da cikakken bayani game da amsawa ga tambaya: "GDP, wanda shi ne" - za a ci gaba.