Lambar "Gama Kama daga Berlin": lambar yabo ga 'yanci

A mafi girma fitina abin da ya same Tarayyar Soviet - ta mutane da kuma dakarun - Great Patriotic War. Sai da na ɗauki shekaru hudu, nauyi ga duk Soviet mutane, kafin yaki ya ƙare, kuma ya lashe cikakken nasara a kan farkisanci.

A sakamakon wannan yaki da tarihi muhimmanci da kuma na da wani tasiri a kan post-yaki aiwatar da ci gaban da mutãne gabã ɗaya. Soviet sojojin ba kawai barrantar da shagaltar da ƙasa da Nazi sojojin, amma kuma ya taimaki mutane na Turai a zubar da cikin German invaders.

A halin da ake ciki a gaban a watan Mayu 1945

Ya kamata a fahimci cewa ta samu lambar "Gama Kama daga Berlin" shi ne babban m da kuma tarihi muhimmanci.

By lokacin da shawarar ne cikakke storming na Berlin, Soviet m ya ruwaito zuwa ga babban kwamandan da fare su fara m tattaunawa tsakanin shugaban leken na CIA Allen Dulles da kuma Nazi Jamus.

Tare da sa hannu na Italian da Swiss shamaki shugaban Amurka leken Dulles fara irin wannan tattaunawar. 8 Maris, 1945 a Zurich ya gana da wani wakilin Jamus umurnin SS Janar Karl Wolff.

Godiya ga ayyuka na Soviet m da kuma baki na Soviet jagoranci, wadannan tattaunawar da aka thwarted. Amma kafin umarnin Soviet sojojin da aka tambaya game da farkon na shirye-shirye domin kai hari a kan birnin na Jamus - Berlin.

defenses

Umurnin da Nazi dakarun na sane da cewa fall na Berlin gwamnatin iya kawo ƙarshen sa da Nazis a Jamus.

Don birnin zauna kamar yadda zamanu, mai iko defenses da aka gina a nuna. Don yin wannan, ba kawai da m ƙasa (koguna, Lakes, canals) da aka yi amfani da, amma kowanne gini, da na dutse gine-gine.

Adawa cikas da ruwa cikas sun kasance a cikin gaban line na tsaro, wanda ya faru a kan bankunan na da gabaci kogin da kuma Neisse. Da nisa daga cikin kogin kai 250 mita.

City kewaye sau uku zobe fortifications, kuma a ciki da gina ya 400 m emplacements na karfafa kankare. The most of wadannan wurare - shida-storey karkashin kasa bunkers da soja raka'a don dubban sojoji.

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Berlin sansanin, akwai 200 da mutane dubu.

A yakin Berlin

Lambar yabo na Great Patriotic War aka bayar ga manyan da kuma gagarumin events.

Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru babu shakka sun hada da soja ayyuka na Soviet Army Group a watan Afrilu-May 1945.

Berlin Sturm rukuni na sojojin fara ranar Afrilu 16 dare. Kafin zuwan shirya iko manyan bindigogi da kuma iska shiri. Kuma a cikin haske na iko searchlights Soviet tankuna da dakaru farmaki daga Kyustrinskogo bridgehead.

Stalin, da ciwon m game da nufi da makiya halin da ake ciki a Zurich, Afrilu 17, aika da gaggawa sakon waya zuwa gaban Soja Council na gaggawa bukatar kawo ƙarshen wannan yanar gizo na ƙarya. Don yin wannan, Berlin ne da za a dauka ta Soviet sojojin.

Kamar yadda sa ran, fadan ya nauyi sosai. Hitler ta sojoji suka yi jihãdi a cikin tsaro na wanzuwa yanke ƙauna. Musamman m fadace-fadace sun kasance a yankin na da Seelow Heights.

Bayan yaki da sojojin da Afrilu 21 zo zuwa Berlin, da kuma ta 22 ga watan Afrilu Soviet sojojin kutsa a kan titunan birnin Berlin.

By Afrilu 25 da sojojin na Belarushiyanci kuma Ukrainian fronts shiga ta rufe wani zobe kusa da birnin Berlin, game da shi, da rarraba da makiya suka shiga kashi biyu.

The kama da Reichstag

All Berlin ya riga a cikin harshen wuta. Kuma da safe a kan Afrilu 30 da fada ya barke a kama na Reichstag, wanda a wancan lokacin ya kasance a sansanin zabe SS sojojin.

Bayan m kabilanci a cikin Reichstag gini da dare May 1 a gaban wannan babbar ginin shi aka hoisted da Banner da Nasara.

Amma ta faɗa takaddama sassa na birnin ba su daina, kawai da safe a kan May 2, mu nemi da sallama da sauran 'kare da SS a Reichstag ginin.

Sai a wannan lokaci, a yaki da fadace-fadace na juyo, wanda ya ƙare a cikin cikakken nasarar Soviet sojojin. Kuma wannan muna tuna fama lambar yabo.

Aiki a kan tsabar kudin zane

By lokacin da lambobin yabo saboda shiga cikin storming na Berlin ya samu lambar yakin duniya na II tsirar fiye da sau daya.

A cikin gasar domin bayyanar da lambar "Gama Kama daga Berlin", wanda ya fara a ranar 19.04.1945, a 116 halarci almara. Kuma May 3 da aka minted farko samfurori na karfe.

A karshe irin na samu lambar "Gama Kama daga Berlin" ya samu godiya ga wani zane artist AI Kuznetsova. Diamita - 32 mm. Material - tagulla.

A gaban gefe a cikin cibiyar da tsabar kudin da rubutu "Ga kama Berlin." Kasa da rubutu juna oak poluvenka, nada kintinkiri. Sama da rubutu "Ga kama Berlin" minted biyar-nuna star.

A baya gefen da aka yi wa ado da rubutu "May 2, 1945," kuma ƙarƙashin kwanan wata - biyar-nuna star.

miliyan haruffa

Lambar "Gama Kama daga Berlin" da aka bai wa soja kan takardun da suka tabbatar da sa hannu a cikin kai hari da kuma kama na Berlin a lokacin daga 22,04 a kan 05.02.1945 shekaru. Yana samu mutãne waɗanda muna zamar masa dole ya rayukansu da kuma 'yanci.

A dukkan lokaci na post-yaki rayuwa sojoji bayar da lambar yabo "Gama Kama daga Berlin", amounted zuwa fiye da mutane miliyan. Kuma ko da bayan shekaru da dama karshen yaki awards ci gaba da samun masu su, domin mafi yawan bangare na wadanda suka a lokacin da awards cikin asibiti a tsanani yanayin.

Daga cikin miliyoyin masu karɓa:

• Sovetstkih matukin jirgi ace, sau uku Hero na Tarayyar Soviet - Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin.
• A Soviet kwamandan, Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet - Georgy Zhukov.

Kuma bayan rasuwar ko halakar da lambar yabo na wannan awards samu lambar "Gama Kama daga Berlin" tare da takardun da shi ya kasance a cikin iyali na da kyautar da za a adana a ƙwaƙwalwar na dangi gwarzo. Kuma a yau, da Rasha, ma'aikatar tsaron kwararru suna neman wadanda suka ba zai iya samun ya samu lambar.