Maganin rigakafi kungiyar, wanda yayi amfani da al'adar magani

Maganin rigakafi ne sharar kayayyakin da kwayoyin, shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, da kuma su Semi-roba Kalam da kuma roba kayayyakin na wannan jerin, wanda a cikin mutane ko dabbobi halaka ko dakatar da ci gaban da pathogens. Maganin rigakafi kuma zai shafi kudi na biochemical halayen. A halin yanzu, mun hada da wani m iri-iri na maganin rigakafi, amma kawai wasu daga cikinsu suna amfani da likita yi. Wannan shi ne saboda su high yawan guba. Kasa ne babban rukuni na maganin rigakafi cewa an samu daga micro-kwayoyin, tsokoki da dabbobi da shuke-shuke.

Babban albarkatun kasa domin samar da kwayoyin ne fungi (griseofulvin, penicillin), actinomycetes (tetracyclines, rifamycins, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, polyenes), fungi (fuzidin-), kwayoyin cuta (gramicidin, polymyxin), lichen (usnic acid), Tsire-tsire (rafanin, imanin, maras tabbas), dabbobi (lysozyme, erythrite, Leikin, wani interferon, ekmolin, gamma globulins).

Antifungal maganin rigakafi - bambancin kungiyar biosoedineny da suke iya lalata nazarin halittu membranes na microscopic fungi, haddasa mutuwarsu. Mafi mashahuri ne da irin wannan kwayoyi a matsayin "Levorinum", "Natamycin" "Nystatin". Yau, wadannan kwayoyi ba su sau da yawa wajabta, saboda low dace da kuma high yawan guba. Modern kantin magani yayi wani babban yawan tasiri sosai roba fungicides, wanda aka hankali ya maye gurbin antifungal maganin rigakafi.

Idan akai la'akari da sinadaran tsarin rarrabe irin wadannan kungiyoyi na maganin rigakafi: cephalosporins, penicillins, macrolides, levomitsitin, tetracyclines, polymyxins, aminoglycosides, rifamycins da polyenes. Maganin rigakafi, sabanin magunguna iri iri sinadaran, fadowa uwa da surface wani da ake dasu cell ko iya shiga a ciki, har ma a kananan yawa osmotic karya ta harshen damo (kwashe, numfashi, abinci) exhibiting bactericidal da bacteriostatic mataki.

Groups na maganin rigakafi a kan hanyar mataki: hanawa daga cikin cell membrane (cephalosporins, penicillins). hanawa na matakai daban-daban na biosynthesis sunadaran da kuma nucleic acid (levomitsetina, streptomycins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, rifamycins, hloromitsiny, actinomycins). A mafi hatsari kwayoyi daga wannan rukuni ne levomitsetina maganin rigakafi da kuma aminoglycoside wanda zai iya sa asarar da bargo, hanta da kuma kodan.

Godiya ga fasaha ta zamani da aka yi karatu ginshikai na antimicrobial mataki na maganin rigakafi a matakin kwayoyin, wanda inganta fahimtar muhimmi matakai cewa faruwa a karkashin su rinjayi. Alal misali, masu bincike gano cewa, da take hakkin gina jiki kira teratsiklina ƙarƙashin rinjayar da kwayoyi, chloramphenicol da erythromycin faruwa a matakai daban-daban. Levomitsetina hana na ayyuka na enzyme peptidyl transferase, erythromycin abubuwa a kan translocase enzyme, kuma tetracyclines - aiwatar da attaching da canja wurin ribonucleic acid da ribosome.

maganin rigakafi kungiyar, ba da kewayon antimicrobial mataki. Duk maganin rigakafi suna classified kamar yadda kwayoyi na kunkuntar da kuma m bakan da aiki. Irin wannan formulations kunkuntar bakan matsayin "erythromycin", "oleandomycin" - aiki preferentially a gram-tabbatacce microflora da polymyxin - a gram da polyenes - for fungi.

Da shirye-shirye tare da m bakan da aikin (streptomycins, levomitsitin, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides) yi kamar yadda a kan gram-tabbatacce kuma gram-korau microflora, kazalika da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, rickettsia, leptospira, protozoa.