Mayar da hankali sulfuric acid a cikin masana'antu samar

Nasarorin da sinadaran masana'antu na zamani a duniya na yau don ƙirƙirar sabon abubuwa da kuma kayan, ta amfani da dama sinadaran mahadi. Daya misali za a iya mayar da hankali sulfuric acid, wanda shi ne sosai na kowa a cikin sinadaran masana'antu.

Sulfuric acid da ciwon da dabara H2SO4, shi ne wani ruwa ba tare da launi Pancake daidaito, wanda kan kai 10,4 ° C ne tuba a cikin wani m crystalline taro. Mayar da hankali sulfuric acid ƙunshi 96,4% SO4, kuma ta yawa ne sosai high, kuma ya kai 1,87 g / cm, sakamakon 1 lita na undiluted sulfuric acid Tã yi game da 2 kg. Abin lura shi ne cewa idan acid da aka narkar a ruwa, ta zafin jiki ne da yawa ƙãra, tun da dauki a cikinta babban adadin hydrates. Wannan gagarumar dukiya ne yadu amfani don ware daban-daban abubuwa a sakamakon zafin jiki karuwa ba kawai ruwa, amma sauran taya.

Da mayar da hankali sulfuric acid kuma amfani da draining gas, tun da shi yana da ikon zuwa sha biyu daga daban-daban taya. A wannan dukiya ne saboda charring wasu kwayoyin abubuwa, musamman carbohydrates, a lamba tare da acid. Gaskiyar cewa carbohydrates dauke da hydrogen da oxygen a cikin wannan rabo a matsayin H2SO4, sakamakon lamba daga cikin wadannan abubuwa sulfuric acid tattara a ruwa carbohydrates, carbon da aka saki a matsayin carbon ƙura.

A samar da horticultural taki mayar da hankali sulfuric acid, da sinadaran Properties wanda yarda da yin amfani da mai kyau oxidizing wakili, an kuma yi amfani da su kau da sauran maras tabbas acid daga cikin salts. A sakamakon haka, zai yiwu a samar da takin, kamar superphosphate, ammonium sulfate da sauransu. Ta hanyar oxidative Properties, shi da ake amfani da hadawan abu da iskar shaka daga duk karafa tsaye a jere kafin Tasrifu azurfa m, game da shi, kafa biyu jerin salts - sulfates (matsakaici irin) da kuma hydrosulfates (acid irin) ware da ester.

Sulfuric acid - sosai caustic ruwa, wanda kuma yana da m vapors. A iyakar halatta kudi na H2SO4 tururi maida hankali ne 1 MG / M3, inda duk ma'aikata da ake rubutu da sulfuric acid, bayar workwear da kuma na sirri m kayan aiki. Mayar da hankali sulfuric acid, da kaddarorin wadda ne musamman kawo hadari ga mutane ba tare da kariya, da ake amfani a cikin wadannan yankunan:

- masana'antu kwayoyin kira.

- samar da miyagun ƙwayoyi danganci.

- tsabtace na man kayayyakin.

- fata da karfe-aiki masana'antu.

- samar da dyes, robobi, ƙuna da sauransu.

Sulfuric acid da aka samar a cikin biyu masana'antu hanyoyin - tare da yin amfani da m lambobi (catalysts), da kuma yin amfani da oxides nitrogen (nitrous Hanyar). A raw kayan mafi sau da yawa abubuwa sulfur, amma ga wasu iri sulfuric acid za a iya amfani da karfe sulfides. Industrially samar mayar da hankali sulfuric acid, wadannan iri: fasaha, man fetur na vitriol, net (baturi), oleum (anhydride) da kuma hasumiyar.

A ƙarshe, ya kamata sake a jaddada cewa sulfuric acid ne zuwa caustic abubuwa guba 2 Hazard aji. Lokacin da allura a cikin tururi inhalation acid konewa an kafa daga cikin manya na numfashi fili, tare da m tari, wanda zai iya ci gaba a cikin mashako, tracheitis , kuma laryngitis. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa a lokacin da yin amfani da sulfuric acid mai girma da hankali ne ya biya zuwa babban mataki na kariya ma'aikata daga cutarwa sakamakon ruwa da ether bangaren na wannan abu.