Nagorno-Karabakh. A tarihin da jigon da rikici

Nagorno-Karabakh a cikin ta Kudu Caucasus yankin ne ake kira, shi ne da bin doka da yankin Azerbaijan. A lokacin da Soviet auka akwai fito da wani soja adawa, kamar yadda Armenian tushen yana da mafi yawan mazauna zaune a Nagorno-Karabakh. Jigon da rikici ne cewa Azerbaijan sa a kan wannan ƙasa ne istinbadi bukatu, amma mutane a yankin sun fi karkata zuwa Armenia. May 12, 1994 Azerbaijan da Armenia da kuma Nagorno Karabakh sun ƙulla da yarjejeniya, a tsagaita wuta, a sakamakon ya kai ga mika wuyansu da tsagaita bude wuta a cikin rikici zone.

Patrimony

Armenian tarihi kafofin da'awar cewa Artsakh (tsoho sunan) aka farko da aka ambata a cikin Sabunta karni BC Idan muka yi imani da wadannan kafofin, da Nagorno-Karabakh ne wani ɓangare na Armenia a cikin lokaci na farkon tsakiyar zamanai. A sakamakon haka, Turkey da Iran yaƙe-yaƙe na ci a wannan zamanin, na wani mahimmin juzu'in Armenia zo karkashin iko da wadannan kasashe. Armenian mulkoki ko ikoki, a wancan lokaci located a kan ƙasa na zamani-Karabakh, kiyaye Semi-m matsayi.

My ra'ayi, Azerbaijan daukan a cikin wannan al'amari. Kamar yadda na gida masu bincike, Karabakh ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin tarihi yankuna na kasar. Word in Azerbaijani "Karabakh" da aka fassara kamar haka: "gara" yana nufin baki da kuma "kwaro" - wani lambu. Tuni a cikin XVI karni, tare da sauran larduna Karabakh wani ɓangare na Safavid jihar, sa'an nan ya zama mai zaman kanta khanate.

Nagorno-Karabakh a lokacin da Rasha Empire

A 1805 da Karabakh khanate aka subordinated da Rasha Empire, da kuma a 1813 da yarjejeniyar da Gulistan a Rasha zo da Nagorno-Karabakh. Sa'an nan, Turkmenchay yarjejeniya da yarjejeniyar kammala a Edirne, samar da sake ma su matsugunni da Armenia daga Turkey da Iran, da kuma ajiye su a cikin yankuna na arewacin Azerbaijan, ciki har da Karabakh. Saboda haka, yawan waɗannan ƙasashe ne zai fi dacewa Armenian asalin.

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet

A shekarar 1918, iko a kan Karabakh ne a sabuwar Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan. Kusan lokaci guda, ikirarin da Armenian Jamhuriyar, amma wadannan ADRs da'awar wannan wuri ba ya gane. A 1921, da Nagorno Karabakh-ƙasa tare da m cin gashin hakkokin suna kunshe a cikin Azerbaijan SSR. Bayan shekaru biyu, sai ya samu yana da matsayi na Karabakh cin gashin kanta Oblast (NKAO).

A shekarar 1988, Hukumar wakilai na Nagorny cẽto ga hukuma na Azerbaijani SSR kuma Armenian SSR jamhuriyoyin da kuma kawo shawara don canja wurin da jayayya yankinsu a Armenia. Wannan bukatar da aka ba ba, don haka da cewa biranen Nagorno Karabakh-AO kalaman na zanga-zangar. Zanga-zangar nuna goyon baya gudanar da ma a asar Armenia.

furucin na 'yancin kai

A farkon kaka na shekarar 1991, lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet ya riga ya fara fada baya a Nagorny Karabakh mai cin gashin kanta soma da jawabi, wanda ya yi kira Nagorno Karabakh-Tsakiya. Kuma a Bugu da kari ga Nagorno-Karabakh a cikin abun da ke ciki shi ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙasa da tsohon Azerbaijani SSR. Bisa ga sakamakon zaben raba gardama, da aka gudanar a 10 ga watan Disamba na wannan shekara a Nagorno-Karabakh, fiye da 99% na yawan zabe cikakken 'yancin kai daga Azerbaijan.

Babu shakka cewa, hukumomin da Azerbaijan da wannan zaben raba gardama da aka kada a gane, da shela da yi kanta gano a matsayin ba bisa doka ba. Bugu da ƙari, Baku yanke shawarar warware da mulkin kai na Karabakh, wanda shi yana da, a Soviet sau. Duk da haka, da hallakaswa aiwatar, an riga an fara.

Karabakh rikici

Ga 'yancin kai na ya balle jamhuriyar tsaya Armenian sojojin suka yi kokarin yin tsayayya da Azerbaijan. Nagorno-Karabakh ya samu goyon baya daga hukuma Yerevan, kazalika da kasa sassan duniya, a sauran} asashe, don haka da mayakan gudanar ya kare yankin. Duk da haka, da Azerbaijani hukumomi har yanzu gudanar don tsayar da iko a kan da dama yankunan da aka asali ayyana wani ɓangare na NKR.

Kowace daga cikin yaƙe jam'iyyun kaiwa ya stats hasarori a cikin Karabakh rikici. Kwatanta wadannan bayanai, za mu iya cewa ga tsawon shekaru uku showdown kashe 15-25 mutane miliyan. The rauni aka ƙidaya a kalla 25,000, fiye da 100 dubban fararen hula da aka tilasta su bar wuraren zama.

m yarjejeniya

Tattaunawar, a lokacin da jam'iyyun yi kokarin warware rikici cikin lumana, ya fara kusan nan da nan bayan 'yancin kai da aka zayyana NKR. Alal misali, 23 ga watan Satumba, 1991 a taron, ya samu halartar shugabannin ƙasar da Azerbaijan da Armenia da kuma Rasha da Kazakhstan. A cikin bazara na shekarar 1992 da OSCE kungiyar da aka kafa don warware Karabakh rikici.

Duk da wannan yunkurin na gamayyar kasa da kasa ta dakatar da zubar da jini, a tsagaita wuta da aka sani kawai a cikin bazara na shekarar 1994. Ranar biyar ga watan Mayu a birnin na Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek layinhantsaki aka sanya hannu, bayan da mahalarta daina wuta bayan kawai a mako.

Jam'iyyun da rikici sun ba su iya yarda a kan matsayin karshe na Nagorno Karabakh. Azerbaijan bukaci girmamawa ga mulkin kai da nace a kan tsare ta yankunanta. A bukatun na kai-shelar jamhuriyar kare Armenia. Nagorno Karabakh tsaye ga zaman lafiya na husũma al'amurran da suka shafi, da jamhuriyar ta hukuma nuna cewa NKR ya isa ya tsaya up for samun 'yancin kai.