Sports jiragen sama - inji for real aces

Mutane da yawa mafarkin na matsayin wani yaro don ya dauke a cikin iska fama jirgin saman soja da Multi-ton fasinja shafi. Abin baƙin ciki, ba duka mu son zũciyõyinsu an qaddara da za a za'ayi, da kuma mafarki na sama ne ba togiya. Amma gaza matuka har yanzu suna da damar da za su zauna da jagorantar kungiyar. Ta su samar da wasanni jirage.

Mene ne a wasanni jirgin sama

Amma duk da haka shi ne ake kira primary horo da jirgin sama, ko aeroklubovskoy. Sport jirgin sama amfani ga kafa da farko jirgin basira ga sabon shiga da kuma raba wasanni horo a cikin abin da gasar da aka gudanar a aerobatics tsakanin real aces. A Rasha, da tsohon Tarayyar Soviet wasanni jirgin sama da ke cikin yanayin talauci, amma shi ne a hankali fara warke. Yak - wasanni jirgin sama, wanda yana da muhimmanci ga mu kananan jiragen sama. Used UC-52, FC-54, FC-55, T-YAK18. Mun kuma da wani wasa da jirgin sama Su-26 da kuma AN-2, wanda aka yafi amfani a yin alkahuran sama. Na waje motoci za a iya bambanta-da Cessna 172, kuma Piper PA-28 Warrior.

All iska kulake a Rasha zaman kansa. A wannan batun, zaki ya share na flights aka sanya kasuwanci dalilai. Saboda haka, a yau ne mai matukar rare sabis - jirgin nisha a kan wasanni jirgin sama. M irin flights ake, ɗaukar a kan FC-52 da kuma FC-54. Don tashi, dole kunshi a cikin Flying kulob din - shi ne zai yiwu don saya dukiya daga cikin jirgin sama da kuma gaban mai zaman kansa matukin ta lasisi, don yin da flights a kan nasu. Abin baƙin ciki, a cikin Rasha kayayyakin more rayuwa da kuma shari'a tsarin zaman kansa flights ne a kan wani sosai low matakin na ci gaba.

Abin da ya zama mai kyau wasanni jirgin sama

Akwai da bukatu da za a sadu da wasanni jirage. Ya kamata su zama da sauki, kuma a lokaci guda tsayayya gagarumin nata irin lodi, ya zama da sauki tashi da kuma suna da ikon yi dogon gudu tare da cunkoso. Akwai aerobatic jirage. Suna musamman tsara don aerobatic gasar da kuma samun mafi girma ƙarfi ne, kuma maneuvering yi fiye da takwarorinsu. wasanni jirgin sama gudun iya isa daga 250 zuwa 500 km / h, da maras tsayawa jirgin - daga 500 zuwa 1000 km, kuma ba za su iya tashi zuwa 6000 mita.

Akwai takamaiman bukatun cewa dole ne a hadu a cikin zane na jirgin sama jirgin.

1. Aerobatic bukatun nuna a fakaice waje kanta view jirgin sama, sanin yadda za yawa da shi zai auna abin da zai reshe lissafi da kuma t. D.
2. Layout bukatun ƙayyade saukowa daga matukin jirgin da kuma view daga Matuka jirgin, duk da haka sun ayyana halaye da cewa ya kamata da lokacin da jirgin sama turke a cikin wani tailspin.
3. A engine dole ne ta yi tafiya daidai a high lodi hade tare da yin jirgin horar da. A wannan yanayin, da mota iko ya kamata a Sauki kamar yadda zai yiwu, saboda haka kamar yadda ba su janye hankali da matukin jirgi daga cikin hadaddun maneuvering.
4. A kula da panel dole ba za a dora tare da kayan. Voli suna ko da yaushe za'ayi a mai kyau weather, a lokacin da ganuwa ne mai kyau, don haka da karin kayan aiki za kawai janye hankali da matukin ta da hankali.
5. Aircraft zane na samar da wani musamman sauki taro da disassembly na jirgin sama, mai kyau maintainability, sassauci a fueling da kuma dangi.

Don gina wani wasanni jirgin sama, kana bukatar ka yi la'akari da yawa dalilai. Duk da bayyana sauki, yana da wuya, a da yawa hanyoyi cikakken na'ura.

A kadan tarihi

Duk abin a kasar mu fara ne a shekarar 1923 tare da monoplane Ant-1 (kirar Tupolev), kadan daga baya, a 1927, ya aka shiga da wani biplane AIR-1 (Yakovlev Design Ofishin). A 30s shi ya wasanni jirgin sama Yakovlev yafi amfani ga matukin horo. Sa'an nan kuma akwai da jirage Gribovskogo kuma sanannen U-2 Polikarpov. A cikin 60s na farko ya tashi Yak-18PM, wanda ya nuna m gudun da jirgin yi a World Championships a 1962 da kuma 1964. A shekarar 1966 mu matukan jirgi lashe lambar yabo na duk yiwu ayyukan alheri, ba kawai maza amma kuma mata, kuma Yak-18PM aka mai suna mafi kyau duniya gasar jirgin sama.

A wannan Yakovlev Design ofishin bai tsaya kuma ya ci gaba da yak-30 - Biyu jet horo jirgin sama. Sa'an nan bi guda Yak-32, wanda ya zo tare da wani catapult. Wannan ban mamaki jirgin kafa a 60s 2 gudun records. A '73 halitta shahara Yak-50. Wannan jirgin sama ya kawo da yawa lambar yabo na Soviet da 'yan wasa. A wurin da aka tsara Yak-52, amma da yake da shi da wasu zane flaws. A '81, wadannan shortcomings an shafe ta a cikin Yak-55, wanda ya sami nasara sosai, kuma rare tare da matukan jirgin, ya zuwa yanzu.

A shekarar 1985, Sukhoi halitta m wasanni jirgin sama Su-26. SU a size yawa fiye da karami da UC, kuma yana da mafi maneuverability da kuma gudun, kyale shi zuwa mafi sauri da kuma mafi fili yi aerobatics. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin wannan jirgin sama a duniya na farko carbon fiber an amfani, wanda sanya shi sauki da kuma fiye da resistant ga danniya.

Menene wasan akrobat?

Wannan ra'ayi da aka haife shi a cikin sama da yaki. Da farko aerobatics amfani da su fiye da yadda aka tafiyar da abokan gaba, a cikin iska. Yanzu shi ne da farko wasanni, wasanni biyu soja da kuma wasanni jiragen sama da, ba shakka, horar da sabon masu amfani a cikin sama.

Yana farawa da sauki siffofi kamar wani karkace ko nunin, wanda, ko da sabon-matukin jirgi iya kashe. Ara nazarin more hadaddun siffofi, kamar ganga, juyawa a kan wani tsauni, daban-daban madaukai kuma, ba shakka, a kwalaba. A cikin wadannan horar da matukin jirgin ne ke fuskantar cunkoso 3G. Ya kamata a lura cewa aerobatic horar da ake yi a high tsawo, domin ya cimma iyakar aminci. Kuma ba shakka, babu jirgin sama gudu da kuma m yi abubuwa ba za a iya kwatanta ta da wasanni aerobatic jirgin sama.