The yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha a shekarar 2014, da kuma untuk 2015. A kuzarin kawo cikas na rashin aikin yi a Rasha

A ra'ayi na rashin aikin yi, bisa ga ILO hanya, wanda aka yi amfani a modified tsari da Rosstat, shi ne rabo na yawan tattalin arziki aiki yawan na kasar shekaru 15 zuwa 72 shekaru da mutane wanda a lokacin na binciken nemi wani aiki ko da sha'awar a neman aiki.

Bayani dalla-dalla kima na matakin da rashin aikin yi a Rasha

The yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha an ƙaddara da la'akari biyu sigogi:

• Yawan aikace-aikace da aikin sabis.
• Analysis na da sakamakon na yawan binciken a kan matsaloli, wanda ake sarrafa a cikin 0.6% na jimlar yawan mutanen kasar.

Kowane kwata, a Rasha gudanar da wani binciken na domin na 65 000 mutanen da shekaru 15 zuwa 72 da shekaru. A lokacin shekara, yawan mutanen da aka yi bincike yawa to game da dubu 260 da mutane.

Rosstat

A cewar Rosstat samfurin safiyo na yawan jama'ar, a watan Afrilu 2015, da yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha ya kai wani adadi na 5.8%. Shi ne game da 4.4 mutane miliyan. Aiki da sabis rubuce kasa da miliyan 1 da aikin yi. Wannan bayanai da aka shiryar da shugaban kasar a lokacin da yake jawabin don kaitsaye a watan Afrilu 2015 a karshen cikin rahoton shekara. A cewar jin ra'ayoyin jama'a, a watan Fabrairu 2015, game da 27% na yawan alama raguwa a yawan ma'aikata a kamfanonin cikin karshen 2014 - farkon shekarar 2015. A cewar bayanai bayar da jihar Statistics Service, a cikin shekaru goma, da yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha jeri tsakanin 5.3% a shekarar 2014 da kuma 8.2% a shekara ta 2009, wanda mutane da yawa za su tuna da yadda wani rikicin. A general, a cikin shekarar bara, bisa ga Figures, halin da ake ciki ya kawai inganta.

The yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha a watan Janairu - Afrilu 2015

Kamar yadda bincike ya gudanar a lokacin daga watan Janairu zuwa watan Afrilu, da mafi yawan marasa aikin yi da aka rajista, a Jamhuriyar Ingushetia. A nuna alama kai darajar 29.9% a watan Afrilu wannan shekara. A cikin sauran Arewa Caucasus jamhuriyoyin da kuma a Kalmykia, a cikin Trans-Baikal yankin da kuma a Sevastopol, a cikin ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Tuva kuma a cikin Nenets mai cin gashin kanta da rashin aikin yi ya kai 10%. Manuniya cikin 3%, aka rubuta kawai a Moscow da kuma St. Petersburg. A cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na kasar nuna alama ne ko dai a kasa ko babu fiye da na halitta kudi na rashin aikin yi a Rasha (5.8%). A wasu yankuna, rashin aikin yi ya kai dabi'u na 6-8% na jimlar aiki yawan da wani talakawan na 7%. } Ididdigar ba ba wani dalilin da tsoro.

Statistics na search buƙatun

Kuzarin kawo cikas na rashin aikin yi a Rasha ya samu nasarar sa ido da yawan bincike da kalmar "gurbi". Alal misali, ya karu da 94.2% a cikin lokaci daga watan Maris na 2013 zuwa Afrilu 2015 da yawan buƙatun. Da shi shi ne iyakar for shekaru biyu na karshe. Yana kafa sosai illogical halin da ake ciki. Duk da tsanaki kyautata na aikin hukuma Figures, mutane sun fi aiki a cikin neman aiki. Shakka naveivaet halin da ake ciki. A watan Maris na 2013, da hukuma yawan marasa aikin yi da aka sani kawai 5.7%, wanda corresponded da adadin queries a kan Internet. Haka kuma, da karuwa a rashin aikin yi a Maris 2015 ya haddasa wani karuwa a online aiki masu neman a 1.94 sau. Idan ka canja wurin da yawan queries da kalmar "gurbi" a kan kashi, zai yi adadin zuwa 11%. A gaskiya an sanar a kan tattalin arziki da kashi 0.1% kawai. A sabon abu ne sauƙin bayyana da cewa akwai ba kawai aikin hukuma, amma kuma a boye rashin aikin yi a Rasha. An kara yawan waɗanda suke a hukumance rajista don aiki, amma a lokaci guda ko aiki part-time, ko ba a duk aiki. Search for jobs a kan Internet - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin rare inda ake nufi a yau. Haquri da shi, har ma da wadanda suke karkashin barazana sallama, wanda kuma yana sanya wani bugu a kan Figures.

Sa idanu a fagen aiki

A watan Fabrairu 2015, wakilan da jama'a ra'ayi Foundation gudanar da wani janar na saka idanu na halin da ake ciki a kasar. Bisa ga bayanai bayar shi yiwuwa a kacokan da wadannan statistics:

• Ayuba asara tsakanin dangi ce 31% na weights.
• Game da rage su Enterprises da'awa ba kasa da 27% na dukkan mahalarta na saka idanu.
• 39% na weights mayar da hankali a kan high yiwuwar rasa su aiki.
• Ba kasa da 19% na binciken mahalarta aka magana game da boye rashin aikin yi a cikin su kamfanoni.

Idan muka kwatanta halin da ake ciki tare da rikicin na 2008, lokacin da yawan marasa aikin yi shi ne musamman high, amma a yau duk abin da yake fiye ko žasa barga, la'akari da matsayin hukuma bayanai. A daidai wannan lokaci, da yawa weights lura deterioration.

Mene ne halin da ake ciki a shekarar 2014?

The yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha a 2014, kwararru da yawa tuna yadda mawuyacin halin. A cewar Rosstat, yayin da yawan tattalin arziki da aikin yi persons daidaita zuwa 151.000 mutane. A kan backdrop na halin yanzu tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki, masana ba su daina magana game da kara tabarbarewar yi. Izini wakilan Tarayya Jihar Statistics Service ya iya yin lissafi da yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha, a watan Satumba 2014 da aka sani kawai, 4.9%, amma Oktoba Figures mafi sharri a 5.1%. Analysis ya nuna cewa mafi shafa da halin da ake ciki ne mutanen da suke an da hannu a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. A hasashen da aka yi ne a kan gaskiyar cewa high yawan marasa aikin yi za a gyarawa a shekara ta gaba a Rasha, ciki har da baki.

Rashin aikin yi a lokacin 2008-2009 rikicin shekaru na 2014-2015, da kuma

A lokacin rikicin na 2008-2009, na farko bayanai game da ci gaban da rashin aikin yi da aka shigar ga kafofin watsa labarai a watan Oktoba 2008. Babban kalaman rufe ƙasar kawai bayan 7-8 watanni, a cikin lokaci daga watan Janairu zuwa Afrilu 2009. Muhimmanci bambance-bambance a yi da aka gani a wani yanki mahallin. Bayani game da halittar sabon jobs, wanda sukan sanya jama'a a lokacin, aka gani a matsayin mai ba sosai kwantar da hankali da masana. Alal misali, 40 dubu sabon jobs, wanda gudanar ya halicci a cikin Far East, bisa ga bayanai bayar da EMISS, kusan komai ya canza, a haske na gaskiya cewa hukuma matsayi na "m" da aka sanya wa 224,2 dubu. Mutane. Idan aka kwatanta da matsaloli na 2008, da yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha, a 2015 yana da wani sosai daban-daban hali. A karuwa ne saboda da karuwa a boye rashin aikin yi, wanda ya hana wani yiwuwar soberly da tunanin mutuntaka kimanta da matakai faruwa a tattalin arziki. M zamantakewa yanayi za a iya kiyaye saboda da low hukuma Figures, wadda bisa ga mafi manazarta da kuma masana'antu masana ne da nisa daga gaskiya. A halin yanzu halin da ake ciki yana da wani mummunan tasiri a kan jindadin na yawan rayuwarsu.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin yanayin da ake ciki a 2008 da kuma 2014

The yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha a shekarar 2014, an girma ba a hukumance, kamar yadda aka yi a 2008. Wannan shi ne saboda da daban-daban hali na administrative yanke shawara, da gabatarwar sabon shirye-shirye magance rashin aikin yi da kuma ci gaban da boye adadi, wanda shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba a yin tunãni a cikin tarayya Jihar Statistics Service rahoton. Matsalar ta'allaka ne da lokaci tsakanin jinkiri of management yanke shawara da kuma tsawon lokacin da za su ba da sa ran sakamakon. A zuciya na wani hadadden da matakan ne a sana'a sake horo, wanda ba kawai ya ba da a nan take, amma ba ya samar da yanzu-yanzu da aikin yi. A halin da ake ciki aggravated da cewa Ulyukayev, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki, yi shawara zuwa tasha kudi da shirye-shirye zuwa ga fama da rashin aikin yi a cikin ra'ayi na gaskiya cewa hukuma yawan marasa aikin yi a kasar Rasha yankunan da aka fi kyau fiye da ana tsammanin.

Abin da zai faru a 2015?

Kan bango na catastrophic dakushe farashin man fetur a farkon 2015 (Janairu-Fabrairu) da kuma a layi daya weakening na ruble, tattalin arziki yi magana game da shigar da jihar na tattalin arzikin cikin koma bayan tattalin arziki. Amsa wata tambaya a kan abin da matakin na rashin aikin yi a Rasha za su kasance a cikin shekarar 2015, mutane da yawa sun mayar da hankali a kan makawa ƙi saboda daskarewa da yawa shirya da gudana ayyukan, kazalika a cikin hali na karshe ƙulli daga mutane da yawa kamfanonin. Domestic tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki a kasar bai taimake su jira wani annoba da rashin aikin yi da rates. Idan a shekarar 2009 shi ne zai yiwu don tsayar da darajar a 8.3%, ba lallai ba ne su jira karshen 2015 index fiye da 6.4% da 5.5% a shekarar 2014. A kwatanta da sauran kasashen duniya Hakika abubuwan da suka faru ne ba catastrophic. Saboda haka, Spain da shekaru da yawa, ba zai iya jimre cikin kudi na 25%, Girka - 25,8%, yayin da Faransa da kuma Austria - 10%.

Hukuma gwamnati kalamai

Ma'aikatar ci gaban tattalin arziki na kasar dogara ne a kan gaskiyar cewa yawan marasa aikin yi a Rasha, wanda bayar statistics daga hukuma kafofin, zai tashi zuwa matakin na 6.4%. Yawan marasa aikin yi iya kai game da 434 mutane dubu. A halin da ake ciki za a nuna a matakin Hakkin, wanda aka shirya don rage ta 9.6% a karshen 2015 (idan aka kwatanta da 3.5% a shekarar 2008). Wannan shi ne saboda da rage kudi da kasafin kudi dama. Ana sa ran karuwa a cikin talauci kudi daga 11% a 2014 zuwa 12.4% a shekarar 2015. A cewar hasashen Igorya Nikolaeva, aiki a matsayin darektan na FBK Strategic Analysis Department, idan karshen shekara ta 2015, da index tsaya a nan ba wani darajar 6.4%, yayin da a 2016-2017 shi zai yiwu ne don tsayar da kaifi karuwa. Forecast wakilan Cibiyar raya kasa na HSE ce cewa, mafi yawan rikicin ya shafa wadanda sassa na tattalin arziki, cinikayya da kuma yi, ayyuka da kuma harkokin yawon shakatawa. Hard sau za wakilan da kudi kansu. A hadarin sallama lists mafi kyau-gwani ma'aikatan ofis. Mayar da hankali ne a kan gaskiyar cewa duk kintace ne kawai tsinkaya da zaton mu, la'akari da halin da ake ciki a gaskiya shi zai yiwu a wani lokaci kuma a kan tushen da duka biyu na aikin da unofficial data.