Volga kogin: shuke-shuke da dabbobi na kogin, description, da lafiyar qasa, kariya. Abin da aka yi don kare Volga River?

Volga - daya daga cikin shahararrun alamomin na Rasha, da most kogin ne ba kawai kasar, amma dukan duniya. A cikin kogin da aka mayar da hankali rai na Turai ɓangare na kasar, wutar lantarki da aka generated da kuma girma da kayayyakin gona da ake bukata cikin Rasha. Ga za ka iya shakata, kifi, da rayuwa har abada, da jin dadin da m yanayi.

m sikelin

A tsawon wannan babban kogin - fiye da 3500 kilomita. Yana ciyarwa ruwa 4-milyan na gari, da An katange hudu ikon tashoshin, ya ba da sunan ga dukan yankin. A cikin babbar kogin fiye da 200 aikin gandu da ta tasa bautarka na uku na Turai ƙasa na Rasha. Yana gudana ta hanyar da gandun daji, steppes, duwãtsu, kuma Semi-hamada. A kan taswira na kasar ya nuna cewa Volga River gudana ta hanyar da 15 batutuwa na Tarayya. Shuke-shuke da dabbobi na kogin ne mai girma iri-iri: da fadamun, kazalika da real mu'ujiza - lotus filayen, wanda suna dauke da wani Muciya Reserve ta UNESCO. A cikin floodplain na Volga tsiro fiye da 500 jinsunan shuke-shuke, wanda aka rarraba kan 82 iyalansu.

Sassa daban daban na kogin

Saboda da babban tsawon kuma na daban-daban yanayi cikin da dama sassa yanaye kasu kashi da Volga River. Shuke-shuke da dabbobi na kogin ne quite bambance bambancen.

A cikin Upper Volga River, inda birnin Rzhev, Tver, Rybinsk, Yaroslavl, Kostroma da Nizhny Novgorod, 4 tsari na wucin gadi tafki. Dukan su aka kafa a lokacin shiri na hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke: Ivankovo, Uglich, Rybinsk da Gorky tafki.

tsakiya Volga

A wannan bangare na kogin da shi ya ci nasara duk da Volga Uplands. A nan, in ta fall 4 koguna, da most of wanda Oka. Yana Forms babban tafki Cheboksary GES. A kan ƙasa na ƙasar tudu gudanar da Volga-Don watershed, daya ɓangare na abin da yake cikin Volga River. Shuke-shuke da dabbobi na kogin samar da steppe wuri mai faɗi da wadannan wurare. Shi ne mazauninsu na ruwan kasa bear, squirrels da martens, kowa Lynx da polecat taiga. Dayansu neman a nan takaddamarsu da kuma capercaillie. Local gandun daji kama da taiga, za ka iya ganin m Pine itatuwa a kowane bi da bi.

ƙananan Volga

A cikin ƙananan kai na da Volga gudana a cikin Kama, da kuma kogin zama musamman m. Zhigulevsk hydroelectric Earsbe Kuibyshev tafki, kara saukar da kogin, ba za ka iya ganin Volgograd.

Kasa Astrakhan fara na musamman da wuri - yankin Neja Delta a kan abin da National Park, wanda shi ne shahara ga kogin Volga. Shuke-shuke da dabbobi suna da kogin a wannan wuri a karkashin kariya. da yawa kama kifi sansanonin da shekara-zagaye kama kifi ne dake nan. A nan, ba wai kawai don kama sturgeon da sha'awan da blossoming lotus, amma kuma su kiyaye a cikin halitta mazauninsu na pelicans, Siberian cranes da flamingos.

ruwa gwamnatin

River na'am da ruwa daga wani yanki na kusan rabin miliyan kilomita. Volga kogin yanayin dogara mana a kan sauyin yanayi. Shafi shi da kuma narkewa snow a yi ruwa. nisa daga kogi a wasu wuraren har zuwa 2500 mita. Zurfin a kan kananan yankunan ba ya fada a kasa 2.5 m. A nan ne mai bayanin irin River Volga. Amma irin wannan shi ya kasance ba ko da yaushe: to gina kududdufai cewa gwada ruwa matakan a kan kankara iya zama har zuwa 30 cm.

Ice an saita a cikin marigayi Nuwamba - farkon Disamba, wani Volga kogin tsarin mulki. Farko na kewayawa ne a farkon Afrilu da kuma kankara bude a Astrakhan - Maris. Shiru da kuma m kwarara daga cikin kogin zo zuwa ga Caspian Sea.

fasalin

A wani irin ranking na duniya ta mafi tsawo na gudãna Volga bautarka 16 th wuri, amma a Turai ba shi da wani daidai. Ta hanyar da Volga-Don Canal ta haɗa Black Sea da na kwatarniya na Azov, kuma a cikin Baltic Sea da wannan hanya. White Sea, Severodvinsk an haɗa ta cikin kogin cibiyar sadarwa.

Gangara waterway ne kananan - kawai 256 mita duk tare. Babban halayyar gudãna (Volga) a cikin kwarara gudu daga ruwa kamar yadda kananan as 1 mita da na biyu. Per hour a wurare daban-daban na kogin nasara daga 2 zuwa 6 kilomita. Wadannan siffofin da damar zuwa yabanya duk jinsunan shuke-shuke da dabbobi.

A index "ta'aziyya" na kogin tsakanin talikan - catfish. A saba nauyi na kifi - har zuwa 400 kg (a wasu lokuta), amma akwai zakarun, yin la'akari har zuwa shida tons.

River Volga: tushen da kuma bakin

A majestic kogin farawa da karamin rafi a kusa da kauyen da magana kira da Volga-Upper. A kauyen da aka located a cikin Valdai Hills, wani digon dogging katako ɗakin sujada.

Bisa ga Tsakiya Rasha Upland kogin gudana smoothly, kuma su juya zuwa kudu sa a kusa da Urals. To, shi ne ya aiko da Caspian filayen kwarinta, kuma ba ta ruwa eponymous teku. A Volga River - tsakiya jijiya na kasar.

Yana yana da fiye da 150 dubu koguna da kõguna da kogin Volga. A tushen da kuma bakin kogin - wadannan ne real mutane dukiya, wanda ciyar da danshi garuruwa da kauyuka. A cikin Volga ruwa da aka girma duk da cewa feed a kan mutane a fadin kasar Rasha.

Irin daban-daban kifi

Wannan na iya zama rubuta dukan waka, wanda shi ne abin da dandana masunta ne. Wasu jinsunan kifaye rayuwa a nan har abada, yayin da wasu zo daga Caspian Sea. Perch, bream, irin kifi, Chub, ruffe kuma blue bream, farin ido da kuma roach, Chub, perch da Grayling - m mazaunan Kogin Nilu. Daga nan ziyarci da Caspian sturgeon da fari sturgeon, fari kifi da herring.

A iri-iri na kifi duniya tana. The karami kifi da cewa na zaune a nan yana da tsawon 2.5 cm. Wannan granular pugolovka Abin da aka sani da mafi yawa ichthyologists. Amma a Beluga, girma har zuwa wani tsawon 4 mita, sun san kome da kome. Game da abin da irin kifi da aka samu a cikin Volga River, rubuta littattafai masu yawa da Littattafan.

A cikin bays, tsirar da shuke-shuke, inda mafi m cikin, ji mai kyau irin kifi. A Astrakhan live ja kifi, ta ɗaukaka Rasha domin dukan duniya. Wannan sturgeon da stellate sturgeon, ƙaya da kuma sanannen sturgeon. Volga herring da kuma madubi irin kifi - mafi kyau liyãfa sabõda yan unguwa da kuma baƙi. Ga dukan waɗanda fata su yi aiki da yawa kama kifi da kwasfansu, inda za ka iya zahiri ga abin da kifi da aka samu a cikin Volga.

matsalolin muhalli

A surface, wanda tattara ruwan sama Volga bautarka 8% na yankin Turai na Rasha. Statistics tabbatar da cewa bakin Volga River ake farko na saman goma najasa koguna. A gaskiya, da dukan rai na wadannan wurare dangantaka da Volga, kuma garken nan duk sharar gida. Idan adadin masana'antu sharar gida kulawa don yanke, da unorganized sharar gida - bũlãlar kogi. Wannan wuce haddi na sinadarin hada takin zamani da sauran m abubuwa wanke tafi da ruwan sama.

Abin da aka yi don kare Volga River?

Kowane mutum, wanda shi ne saba da matsaloli na kogin, a daya murya ce cewa, babbar cutar da dukan abubuwa masu rai samar da ikon injin turbin. Su ne mai tsananin sauti gudana da kuma matsa lamba saukad, cutarwa ga dukkan abubuwa masu rai. Mutuwa plankton, tadpoles da komai fiye da kogi da rai.

Af, wannan halin da ake ciki shi ne na hali ba kawai ga Volga. Wannan shi ne duniya matsala shafi dukan manyan koguna a raya ƙasashe. A al'amari na rayuwa a cikin injin turbin ruwan wukake kula Dabbobi da kuma injiniyoyi, a duniya. Wannan taro da aka sadaukar domin taro kuma symposia.

Ba haka ba da dadewa, masana kimiyya daga St. Petersburg ɓullo da wani m da kuma sauki hanya don ajiye halittu masu rai a cikin injin turbin ruwan wukake. Masu bincike sun yi nuni da alura a karkashin wani matsin lamba da kuma a da ake so taro talakawa iska kumfa. Balloons sha matsanancin matsin lamba, centrifugal da centripetal sojojin. All kananan halittu da za ta hanyar daidaita ruwa-iska cakuda, kasance m.

A Hanyar ƙirƙira shi, da lamban kira ne, da fasahar ne bayyananne. Amma a cikin hanyar aiwatar da impenetrable bango ya tsaya jami'an rinjayi rashin tunani ne ba tukuna zai yiwu. Ana fatan cewa kowa hankali da kuma so su zauna a kan wani rai kogin har yanzu lashe.

lovely rairayin bakin teku

Banks na Volga wahayi zuwa artists da kasida a ko'ina cikin shekaru daban-daban. Composed da kuma rubuta wakokin da waqe-waqe da babban kogi. A feat na Stalingrad ne inextricably nasaba da Volga. Tun daga nan, a kowace Rasha mutum ya sani cewa Volga kasa domin mu akwai. Songs, fina-finai, nune-nunen, da littattafai - duk wannan ya ba da sunan Rasha River. Reserves da kuma wasanni da wurin, garuruwa, kauyuka da ƙauyuka - duk da wannan ne ma na Volga.

A cikin ayyukan art shi ne inextricably nasaba da Rasha hali. A ran kogin, da kuma kamar mutum: da karimci, da kuma alheri.

Yau bankuna na Volga ne rayayye da ake ci gaba: gina gida kauyuka da wani zamani kayayyakin more rayuwa, tare da mai girma view na kogin.