Wane ne agnostics da kuma yadda suka bambanta daga masu shakka

A cikin karni na sha tara a can ya rayu wani English masanin kimiyya da sunan Tomas Geksli. Ya zama na gaba ya sabanin.

A daya hannun, ya kasance mai taimako ga ka'idar juyin halitta, wadda a ainihi shi ne wani warai jari hujja, kuma haka m, cewa sanã'anta shi da sunan barkwanci "Darwin ta bulldog". Jayayya da Bishop Wilberforce na Oxford, ya ko da ya ce abin da zai fi son a yiwuwa alaka da primacy fiye da da komai talker.

A daya hannun, Geskli, kasancewa wani mutum da wani babban rai kwarewa, fahimta cewa akwai abubuwa a duniya da kuma abubuwan da ba kimiyya ba zai iya bayyana, da kuma taba. Duk yadda wuya dukan ilimi fraternity, ciki har da girmama furofesoshi, kuma malamai a riguna da kuma powdered wigs.

Wannan a nan shi ne wani musu. Yana lalle ne wani bashi da girma explorers. Bayan duk, don gane da gazawar 'yan adam, kuma haka daga kansa hankali, ya zama mai real Sage. Kawai kunkuntar shiryayye mutane zaton cewa ba su san kome da kome, amma idan wani abu ba ya fahimta, to, shi ke nan, ba shi daraja.

Tomas Genri Huxley tunani game da nasu imani. A addini mutum, sai ya kasance ba, amma ya kira kansa da wani ikon fassara Mafarki, ma, iya ba. Kuma ya buga wani sabon lokaci - agnosticism.

Ka za i wanda suke agnostics, sai ya nufi shiryayye mutane suka ƙaryata, game da yiwuwar total cognition na duniya da kuma imani a cikin allahntaka.

Ba da sunan sabon falsafa shugabanci, ta hanyar Huxley, duk da haka, ya kasance ba na farko zurfin tunani, gamsu da wanzuwar unknowable. A cikin XVIII karni Hume bayyana rai kamar yadda wani rafi da muhalli da tasirinsa a sani kuma ko da bayyana shakku game da wanzuwar haƙiƙa duniya. Daga baya a cikin wannan matsayi da ya Immanuel Kant kira rayuwa hadaddun da majiyai. Akwai sauran-agnostic falsafa, wanda ra'ayoyi an soki jari masana kimiyya, musamman da Marxists. A karshen Ba shakka cewa yana yiwuwa su yi nazarin duk kayan yanayi, da kuma sauran ba su sani ba, kuma ba ya so ya sani.

Duk da haka, Hume, ba da sanin wanda da agnostics, saboda wannan kalma ba a can, kuma, ya ba da farko to shakka da cognition na duniya. A zamanin d Girka, a cikin karni na hudu kafin haihuwar Yesu Kristi Falsafa Pyrrho ya gan rayuwa kamar son zuciya, sabili da haka zalla sirri. Daya mutum yana zaton cewa abu dubi da kuma daban-daban - daban. To, ta yaya fahimci yadda da shi shi ne? Kuma abin da aka dauke mai kyau da abin da ke mugunta? Irin wannan tambayoyi damu masana kimiyya da kuma shakka da baya a cikin hazo lokaci.

Saboda haka, akwai wasu kamance tsakanin falsafar Pyrrho da ra'ayoyi Geskli. A wannan bambanta agnostics da shakka? Saboda su ne don haka irin wannan. Kuma waɗanda da sauransu ba za a iya kira wadanda basu yarda, duk da ware lokuta da furucin da irin wannan ra'ayi.

Akwai bambanci. Wane ne agnostics da kuma abin da suke yin ĩmãni? Sun ƙaryata game da knowability na duniya duka, amma da suka yi imani da cewa su yi jihãdi har yanzu bukatar. Taƙaitawa zai bayyana kansu a lokacin da hankali kai haddi a cikin yiwu. Shakka kira ga abandonment na aiwatar da cognition, la'akari da shi wani al'amari na da cikakken m.

Akwai wani gagarumin bambanci tsakanin waɗanda suke da wadanda basu yarda da agnostics suke. A farko ƙaryatãwa game da wanzuwar mahalicci. A na biyu, wato, agnostic, ba su yin ĩmãni da Allah knowable. Zai yiwu sun yi dama.