Zil-134: Bayani dalla-dalla

ZIL-134 - shi ne wani gogaggen Multi-manufa tarakta, halitta a cikin 50s na karshe karni a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Motar bambanta da kasancewar wani yawan m tsarin a lokacin, kamar Multi-link dakatar, tsakiyar hula kumbura, da sauransu. Bisa ga matakin na ci gaba da wannan dabara domin da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, tsammani ci gaban da m mota-ƙasa fasaha.

Project shirya dama mota masana'antu a cikin Tarayyar Soviet tun da tsakiyar 50s, ya fara maida ci gaba da yi a daban-daban dabara domin kāriyar sashen. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi ya juya ya SKB Shuka Likhachev. Ya gangarawa Ofishin aka sani da ya ci gaba da zane injiniya damban ne Vitaly Grachev.

Wannan duk-ƙasa abin hawa

A shekarar 1955, a karkashin shugabanci na Grachev, ZIL kwararru sojojin da aka kafa gwaji model na Firayim mover ZIS-E134. Ya zama model samfurin "lamba daya" kuma mallaki} oron da kuma halaye. Samun kwarewa a cikin zane na wannan kayan aiki, ma'aikatan na zane hukumar fara tasowa da mota ZIL-134. Yana da aka shirya cewa wannan zai zama wani talakawan mota da kuma manyan bindigogi tarakta ATK-6.
Hudu-ƙasa abin hawa, wanda dabaran dabara 8x8, aka tsara don towing Trailers, kuma daban-daban da sauran inji yin la'akari har zuwa 6 ton a kan m ƙasa. Kamar yadda share fage da shafi abin hawa ja har zuwa 7.2 ton kaya masu nauyi. By hanyar sharewa - lodi da Trailers zuwa 15 ton. Bugu da kari, a cikin duk-ƙasa abin hawa iya saukar da har zuwa 8 mutane, kuma har zuwa 4 ton na kaya. Wadannan da bukatun da ake sa'an nan dace kawai sa ido motocin.

Duk da haka, da injiniyoyi sun iya samar da wani abu na musamman. The zane na ZIL-134 hawa gyara iya aiwatar da mafi m da m ideas, wanda aka to, shafi a yi. Don tabbatar da high kashe-hanya iyawa, kowane aksali da aka located a wannan nesa daga juna. Saboda haka, hudu gadoji saka a kan jinkiri na 1450 mm.

A gida kuma ta kayan aiki

A gida aka gaba daya shirya a gaban overhang. Da ikon naúra tana saka a baya ta. Overhangs a garesu sun kadan. Frame tsani irin high-ƙarfi kayan readily jure tsananin gajiya. Platform for crews, za a iya sanye take da arches da wani rumfa. Idan dole, duk wannan za a iya dismantled.

So sauyin yanayi a ciki da fasinja gida na uku (wanda ba zato ba tsammani, suka sãɓã wa jũna mai kyau ganuwa) tandã kiyaye da alaka da sanyaya tsarin na da ikon naúrar. Kujera, kuma backrest ana iya tuba a cikin biyu kujeru, wanda zai iya kage barci. ZIL truck a kan taksi rufin yana da wani dubawa ƙyanƙyashe.

karkashin kaho

The mota ne mai hudu-tarakta drive axles da dabaran makirci 8x8. A gaban hudu ƙafafun - sarrafawa. A factory kasance engine na ci gaba musamman ga dukkan-ƙasa abin hawa. Karkashin kaho, da engine da Zil-134 V12 - fetur engine, wanda aka farko kafa domin kwarewa E134. Hijira daga cikin 12-Silinda dodo ya 10.4 lita. Engine ikon - 240 HP A general, da ikon naúrar kunshi biyu gwaji shida-Silinda V-dimbin yawa E180. Tare da duk sababbin abubuwa da cewa an aiwatar a cikin wannan engine, shi aiki quite unreliable.
Saboda m malfunctions da kasawa a cikin ƙonewa tsarin sau da yawa ke fasa bawul pistons. By da gazawar da lokaci inji. A daidai wannan lokaci a kai a kai ya lura da gazawar da karin raka'a, punching da ke fasa a cikin Silinda shugaban GASKET. Lokacin da nameplate damar 240 tilasta da real Figures sun kawai 200 HP Yana bai isa a samu da dole gogayya da kuma tsauri yi.

Musamman zane fasali

A ikon shuka da aka sanye take da sabon tsarin da sunadaran - su ne gaba daya na asali. Wannan centrifugal tace ga lafiya tsarkakewa hydropushers. A zane yana amfani da inertia Starter, preheater, aiki duka biyu a kan wutar lantarki da kuma fetur. Ya yuwuwa a fara sanyi engine. Har ila yau, da engine aka sanye take da wani fan kama kashe. An atomatik sarrafawa, biyu silencers da kuma fadada tanki.

Twin wa

Externally, da mota da aka kusan maimaita Lines da fasali na Minsk-dabaran drive duk-ƙasa abin hawa Maz-535.

Wannan dabara da aka ɓullo da a Minsk, taron da kuma zane ofishin a 1954. A farko samarwa lokutta sun zo haske a cikin 61-m. The inji aka sanya na shekaru uku, bayan da aka maye gurbinsu da wani karin iko tarakta model Minsk 537. Rover da wannan drive tsarin da dabaran dabara. Bambance-bambance sun kawai a wani fasaha shaƙewa, da kuma cewa mafi ƙarancin.

atomatik watsa

ZIL-134 Control ne ƙwarai yuwuwa ta gaban atomatik watsa - eh, shi ne. Musamman dacewa shi ne atomatik watsa a kan hanyoyi. Transmission daga dukkan-ƙasa abin hawa ya da wani biyu kumburi - da karfin juyi Converter da kuma watsa a cikin uku, saukarwa. PPC - planetary irin.

Layi daya wadata karfin juyi ga Drive aka za'ayi ta hanyar amfani da wata biyu da biyu-gudun canja wurin akwatin. A lokaci guda akwai wani aiki na daban a haɗa da gaban da kuma mayar da akwatin.
Differentials a single-mataki karshe tafiyarwa sanye take da wani inji kulle irin. Daga baya, a kan ZIL truck sa riga iyakance zamewa differentials. A lokuta daban-daban, da suka yi amfani da daban-daban iri iri.

A gaban dabaran drive amfani da mafi m a wancan lokacin, ball gidajen abinci Rtseppa, wani alama na wanda shi ne cewa su ne synchronous. Don ƙara yarda na 470 mm dabaran Dandali sanye take da gearboxes.

tuki yi

Smooth aiki da kuma high tuki yi a kan hanyoyi da kuma m ƙasa da cewa mota bayar da wani zaman kanta dakatar da irin. Injiniyoyin amfani da wani torsion-liba tsarin da telescopic buga absorbers. Dakatar da bugun jini ya 220 mm. Don kewaya biyu gaban nau'i-nau'i daga ƙafafun amfani da iko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa iko.

Birki da kuma tayoyin

Don nauyi mota zai iya amince rage gudu cikin mawuyacin yanayi, da injiniyoyi sun ɓullo da na musamman birki. Saboda haka, inji sanye take da wani shãfe haske drum inji. Kamar yadda amfani da su don Drive ce m tsarin.

Vehicle manned musamman tayoyin da bakin ciki ganuwar. A peculiarity na matsananci low matsa lamba. taya size - 16.00-20.00. A matsa lamba a cikin su fluctuated a cikin kewayon 0.5 zuwa 1.25 kg / cm2. matsa lamba matakin ne kiyaye da canza ta atomatik ta wajen wani Karkasa tsarin. Wannan yana da kyau tasiri a kan patency da wasan kwaikwayon na tarakta. A truck iya motsi ba ko da idan hula da aka soke ko backache.

Motar da aka kammala tare da winch drum trossoukladchikom kuma a kan tilas canjawa wuri na USB. Yana da aka kafa tsakanin uku da na biyu drive aksali. Propulsion fasali da kuma halaye na abin hawa sun inganta patency saboda babu protruding sassa da kuma mai santsi kasa kwanon rufi. Jiki - cikakken shãfe haske, kyale a cikin wannan duk-ƙasa abin hawa don shawo kan ko ruwan cikas.

a kan gwaje-gwaje

A cikin hunturu 1957, sa'an nan a cikin bazara, da kwararru na zane Ofishin shuka Likhachev biyu motoci da aka gina. Suna kan shari'a ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. Tarakta ATK-6 kashe-hanya damar nisa wuce samar model ZIL-157 shuka. A permeability karfi da tasiri da mota dabaran tushe (1450 + 1450 mm). Rover kusan kayen crawler model. A cikin sharuddan talakawan zirga-zirga gudu, da mota wuce ZIL-157 da kuma sa ido motocin Gaz-47 da kuma AT-C. Lokacin da cikakken ɗora Kwatancen tarakta iya sauƙi shawo kan yakan fiye da 40 digiri, ramuka nisa 1.5 m, scarps tsawo na 1 m.

Saboda da gaba daya shãfe haske yadi inji sauƙi shige cikin wurare ko da kuwa su zurfin. Abin hawa ya iya motsawa a cikin ruwa a low gudu, kamar 2-3 km / h.
The inji iya cire wani trailer, towed jirgin sama yin la'akari har zuwa 70 ton.

sauran data

Vehicle tsawon aka 7160 mm, nisa - 2700 mm, tsawo - 2650. Wheel SUV nauyi - 10.600 mm. Babban abin hawa nauyi zuwa 15 ton. A-taƙawa, duk-ƙasa abin hawa idan wani kaya na 4 tan. Wheelbase - 1450 + 1450 + 1450 mm. Fuel amfani a lokacin da tuki a kan m ƙasa ba tare da aza - 59 lita 100 kilomita. Fuel tank damar da na'ura da aka 500 lita.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka muka fitar da siffa abin yana ZIL-134 dalla-dalla. Kamar yadda ka gani, wannan shi ne wani mota tare da wani ban sha'awa tarihi. Live ganin irin wannan abubuwa ne da ba zai yiwu.