Basil 3: waje da kuma na cikin gida da manufofin taƙaitaccen

The Grand Duke Moskovskiy Vasily III mulki a cikin 1505-1533 shekaru. Uma shi ne lokacin da aka ci gaba aikata mahaifinsa Ivan III. Prince sõyayya a Rasha ƙasashe kewaye da Moscow suka yi yaƙi da yawa waje makiya.

mayẽwa

Vasiliy Ryurikovich aka haife shi a 1479 a cikin iyali na Grand Duke na Moscow John III. Ya kasance da ɗa na biyu, sabili da haka bai nuna kamar kursiyin bayan rasuwar otsta. Duk da haka, ya wana, da Yahaya, ya mutu takaici, matasa shekaru 32 daga m rashin lafiya. Ya ci gaba da rashin lafiya feet (watakila gout), abin da ya jawo mummunan zafi. Uba rubuta daga Venice ta shahara likita, wanda, duk da haka, ya ba su iya shawo kan cutar (daga baya ya aka kashe wannan gazawar). Magaji wanda ya mutu ya bar wani yaro Dmitry.

Wannan ya kai ga wani dynastic shawarwari. A daya hannun, Dmitry ya da ikon yin sarauta a matsayin dan marigayin magaji. Amma da Grand Duke na da rai, matasa da 'ya'ya maza. John III farko karkata ya auku kursiyin to ya jikan. Ya ko da shirya wani bikin aure bikin a kan mulkinsa (shi ne na farko da irin wannan yanka a Rasha). Duk da haka, Dmitry juya da sauri daga ni'imar da kakansa. An yi imani da cewa dalilin wannan kaidin na biyu matar John (da uwa Basil) Sofii Paleolog. Ta kasance mai 'yan qasar na Rum (Konstantinoful da wannan lokaci ya riga ya auku a karkashin matsin lamba na Turks). Wife so da ikon da aka canjawa wuri zuwa danta. Sai ta yi da kuma ta m manya fara shawo John canza tunaninsa. Gab da mutuwarsa ya amince, Dmitry ƙi damansa a kan karaga, ya kuma umarci Basil zama Grand Duke. Jikan kasance a kurkuku, kuma nan da nan ya mutu a can, a takaice tsira kakansa.

Da yaki da mulkin gargajiya iyayengiji

Great Prince Basil 3, kasashen waje da kuma cikin gida manufofin da suke a ci gaba da ayyuka na ubansa, ya zo a kan karaga a 1505, bayan mutuwar John III.

Daya daga cikin key ka'idodinta biyu wadanada aka ra'ayin mai cikakkar autocracy. Wato, da Grand Duke kokarin tattara iko a hannun monarch kawai. Ya yi da dama da abokan adawar.

Da farko - wasu takamaiman shugabannin Rurik daular. Kuma muna magana ne game da waɗanda suka kasance a cikin kai tsaye wakilin Moscow gida. A karshe manyan tashin a Rasha ya fara saboda rigingimu game da iko a kan baffanka, dan'uwa, wanda su ne zuriyar Dmitry Donskoy.

Vasily da hudu matasa 'yan'uwa. Yuri ya Dmitrov, Dmitry - Uglich, Simon - Kaluga, Andrew - Staritsa. Duk da haka, sũ, sun kasance ne kawai maras gwamnonin da kuma gaba daya dogara a kan Moscow yarima. A wannan lokaci Rurik bai yi kuskure da aka sanya a cikin XII karni, a lokacin da ya rushe a jihar tare da cibiyar a Kiev.

Boyar adawa

Wani m barazana ga Grand Duke mutane da yawa manya. Wasu daga cikin su, ta hanyar, sun m zuriyar Rurik (kamar Shuiskys). Basil 3, kasashen waje da kuma na cikin gida da manufofin da aka subordinated ra'ayin da bukatar magance duk barazanar da ta hukuma, da 'yan adawa suppressed a ta sosai tushen.

Irin wannan rabo, misali, jiran Vasiliya Ivanovicha Shuyskogo. Wannan bafadan aka zargin a rubutu da Lithuanian yarima. Jim kadan kafin cewa, Basil ga gaci da dama tsoho Rasha birane. Gwamnan daya daga gare su, kuma ya fara Shuya. Bayan ya yi zargin cin amanar kasa zama da aka sani da prince, da abin zargi ubangijina aka tsare a wani gidan yari, inda ya rasu a shekara ta 1529. Irin wannan uncompromising gwagwarmaya da dukkan manifestations disloyalty ya tsatso na siyasa domin hada da Rasha ƙasashe kewaye da Moscow.

Wani irin wannan lamarin ya faru tare da Ivan Beklemishev lakabi Bersen. Wannan jami'in diflomasiyyar bayyane soki Grand Duke na da manufofin da, gami da sadaukar da dukan Greek (wannan Trend ya zama na kullum saboda uwar Prince Sofii Paleolog). Beklemisheva hukuncin kisa.

coci da rigingimu

Church rai kuwa shi ma batun hankalin Grand Duke. Ya ake bukata da goyon bayan da shugabannin addini, don tabbatar da halaccinta daga nasu shawara. Wannan ƙungiyar da coci da kuma jihar da aka dauke al'ada ga cewa lokaci na Rasha (af, kalmar "Rasha" ya fara da za a yi amfani da karkashin Ivan III).

A wannan lokaci, akwai wata muhawara tsakanin Josephites da kuma wadanda ba ma'abũta. Wadannan biyu coci-siyasa (yafi a gidajen lama) yana adawa da ra'ayoyi a kan addini tambayoyi. Su akida gwagwarmaya iya ba da gwamnan. Non-ma'abũta nemi kawo canji, ciki har da yarjejeniyoyin da landowning gidajen lama, yayin da Josephites sun Conservatives. A karshe jam'iyyar juya Vasily III. Cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin daidai da ra'ayoyi da Prince Josephites. A sakamakon haka, coci yan adawa da aka repressed. Daga cikin wakilan suna da irin shahara fuskoki kamar Maksim Grek da Vassian Patrickeyev.

Daidaituwa na Rasha asashe

Great Prince Basil 3, kasashen waje da kuma cikin gida manufofin da aka hankali lauye, ya tafi zuwa Moscow don haɗa da sauran m Rasha sarauta.

Pskov Jamhuriyar ko a zamanin mulkin John III ya zama talakansa na kudancin makwabcin. A 1509, birnin sun taru majalisa, a da mazauna bayyana fushi da mulkin Basil. Ya zo a cikin Novgorod domin tattauna rikicin. A sakamakon haka, da bẽne, dauke da haɗe zuwa Pskov Moscow fiefdom.

Duk da haka, irin wannan hukunci zai iya haifar da tashin a cikin 'yanci-auna birnin. Domin kauce wa "kwakwalwa fermentation", mafi iko da kuma daraja aristocrats Pskov aka mayar da su cikin babban birnin kasar, da kuma game da wurin da aka dauka ta Moscow appointees. Wannan tasiri Hanyar da aka yi amfani da Yahaya a lokacin da ya shiga Novgorod.

Ryazan Prince Ivan a 1517 kokarin samar da wani ƙawance da Crimean khan. Moscow ya husata. Prince aka ɗauke shi zuwa gadi, da kuma Ryazan ya zama wani ɓangare na united Rasha jihar. Ciki da kuma na waje Politika Vasiliya 3 ya consistently da kuma nasara.

Rigingimu da Lithuania

War tare da makwabtanta - shi ne wani muhimmin batu, wanda bambanta ta sarautar Basil 3. Domestic da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin da Prince iya ba da taimako ga rikice-rikice na Muscovy tare da sauran kasashe.

Grand Duchy na Lithuania wani Rasha cibiyar da kuma ci gaba da da'awar da manyan matsayi a cikin yankin. Yana da wani na hannun daman Poland. A sabis na Lithuanian Grand Duke da yawa Rasha Orthodox boyars da mulkin gargajiya da sarakunanku.

Babban kashi na hujja tsakanin biyu iko fara Smolensk. Wannan tsohon birnin a cikin XIV karni, ya zama wani ɓangare na Lithuania. Basil so mayar da shi zuwa Moscow. Saboda wannan, akwai biyu wars (a 1507-1508 da kuma 1512-1522 gg.) A cikin mulkinsa. A sakamakon haka, Smolensk aka mayar da su zuwa Rasha.

Saboda haka da yawa abokan adawar Vasily 3. External da ciki manufofin (tebur - mai girma format na gani image na abin da muka ce) yarima, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, mai ma'ana ci gaba da ayyuka na Ivan 3 da shi ya dauka ya jaddada bukatun da Orthodox Church da kuma karkashin shugabancin tsakiya jihar. A wadannan za su tattauna abin da shi duka zubo.

War tare da Crimean Tatars

Nasarar tare da matakan da cewa an dauka Vasily 3. harkokin waje da kuma na cikin gida da manufofin (takaita tebur a fili ya nuna wannan) ne key ga ci gaba da kuma enrichment na kasar. Wani dalili na damuwa ya Crimean Tatars. Su za'ayi maimaita hare-hare a cikin Rasha da kuma sukan shiga wani ƙawance da Polish sarki. Tun da yake wannan zai ba za a jure Vasily 3. Domestic da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin (summary wannan magana ne mai wuya ga ci) to da kyau-tsare burin - don kare duniya daga mamayewa na sarauta. A saboda wannan dalili wajen peculiar yi da aka gabatar. A sabis da aka gayyace Tatars daga daraja iyalansu, don samar da su da kadarori. Friendly Prince aka saita zuwa mafi m jihohi. Ya yi aikin ɓãtãwa ga ci gaban cinikayya da Turai iko. La'akari da shigar da ƙungiyar (da Turkey) tare da Paparoma.

Family matsaloli

Kamar yadda shi ne hali da wani monarch, shi yana da matukar muhimmanci ga mutum ya auri Basil 3. harkokin waje da kuma na cikin gida manufofin suna da muhimmanci yankunan na aiki, amma da kasancewar wani magaji irin ta dogara a kan gaba rabo daga jihar. A farko aure shi ne har yanzu magajin zuwa Grand Duchy da aka kafa ta mahaifinsa. Don wannan karshen, ya isa a birnin Moscow a 1500 bakin hijabi daga fadin kasar. Matar Yarima Solomon Saburova a kananan boyar iyali. Da shi shi ne karo na farko da cewa Rasha m hade shaidu na aure ba shi da wani wakilin na mulki daular, da kuma wata yarinya daga komai haqqinsa da'irori.

Duk da haka, iyali ya m. Solomonia ya bakarãriya, kuma ikon yin ciki yaro. Saboda haka, Vasily III a 1525 sake ta. Duk da haka, wasu wakilan da Church hõre shi zuwa zargi, kamar yadda aka ƙa'ida ba ya kunsa da irin wannan aiki.

Riga gaba shekara Basil aure Elena Glinsky. Wannan marigayi aure ba shi da 'ya'ya maza guda biyu - John kuma George. Bayan rasuwar Grand Duke Sr aka ayyana magajin. Yahaya sa'an nan shekaru 3, don haka maimakon dokoki Regency Council, wadda gudummawar da yawa kowa, a kotu. Har ila yau mashahuri ne da ka'idar cewa shi Boyar matsaloli halarta a cikin shimfiɗar jariri bayyana yaro washe halinsa. Daga baya, riga balaga da Ivan da Munin zama tanƙwasawa da Yake shirya na ke so m mafi m hanyoyi.

Grand Prince Mutuwa

Basil ya mutu a 1533. A lokacin daya daga cikin tafiye-tafiye, ya samu kansa a kananan ƙari a kan hagu cinya. Yana festered da kuma haifar da jini guba. A zamani terminology, za mu iya ɗauka cewa shi ne ciwon daji. Kafin ya mutu, Grand Duke ya ɗauki tsari.