The English juyin juya halin na XVII karni

The English juyin juya halin na 17th karni da yawa masana tarihi kira yakin basasa ko bourgeois juyin juya halin. Bayan 'yan shekaru da gwamnatin Birtaniya ta juya a cikin wani kundin tsarin mulkin daular mulkinsu da wani karfi majalisar dokokin kasar, wanda ya bude samun wakilan da ikon da bourgeois aji.

Duk da haka, English juyin juya halin da aka ba kawai a gwagwarmaya da cikakken iko na monarch. Akwai wani adawa da addinai - tsakanin ha] e da kuma mabiya na Church of England ne kullum arangama. Ya haskaka kamar dindindin fitina a tsakanin Scots da kuma Irish.

Sanadin da Turanci juyin juya halin

Bayan rasuwar Elizabeth Tudor kasar ta kasance a cikin wani da wuya sosai matsayi. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa, a cikin shekaru da shekaru daga cikin manyan sarauniya majalisar ra'ayi ne kusan ba ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi. Amma da ra'ayoyi da nobility canja da cika fuska bayan gadon sarautar dauki James Turanci, wanda ya yi ĩmãni da cewa monarch - kawai wanda ya na da hakkin ya yi mulki.

A halin da ake ciki m escalated bayan da sa kambi na Charles I, wanda aka gudanar mahaifinsa ra'ayin siyasa. Da farko, sai sarki yana so ya gama da yawan jama'a na Ireland, Ingila da kuma Scotland, kuma shi bai sa babbar sha'awa ga ko dai gefen. Na biyu, ya yi kokari ya yi mulkin ba tare da taimako daga cikin House Iyayengiji. A farkon shekaru biyar na monarch to kira da kuma soke majalisar dokokin kasar har sau uku, bayan da ya barranta da taimako ga shekaru 11.

Bugu da kari, Carl aure Katolika, da zai iya ba tafi kada a gane shi da ha] e, wanda ya sanya kowane kokarin kauda kasar har ma da karami sprouts Katolika.

A dangane da Scottish tawaye a 1642, Karl kira majalisar, wanda aka sani ga tarihi kamar "dogon". A monarch iya ba narke cikin House Iyayengiji kuma gudu zuwa New York.

The English juyin juya halin da kuma nasa sakamakon

A sakamakon tawayen, da kuma sanin yan majalisar dokokin da aka kasu kashi biyu sansani. Cavaliers kiyaye Allah ya ba ikon da monarch. Gama sarki ya shiga cikin mafiya yawa daga cikin nobility daga fadin kasar da cewa da farko ba shi da wani soja amfani. A wasu bangare na yawan - zagaye-gangarawa - goyon bayan ra'ayin wani tsarin mulki daular mulkinsu da kuma majalisar dokokin gwamnati. Mafi yawa daga cikin Roundheads kunshi ha] e, a karkashin jagorancin Oliver Cromwell.

Da farko dakarun na Cromwell ya horar da wuya a tsayayya wa sojojin doki. Duk da haka, da amfani da shi a gefe na Roundheads. A shekarar 1644, wani yaƙi ya faru a Martinu Moor, wanda a cikin sa Cromwell ya hau kan kusan dukan ɓangare na Arewa na Ingila.

Riga sabon model sojojin da aka kafa a 1645, wanda ya kunshi kawai na sana'a, horar da sojoji. A wannan shekarar akwai wani Battle of Naseby, wanda cemented ikon da Roundheads.

A 1649, Charles I aka kama da hukuncin kisa. A wannan shekara, Ingila da aka zayyana a kundin tsarin mulkin daular mulkinsu.

Duk da haka, gwamnatin wuya da'awar zama tsarin mulki. Tuni a 1653 Oliver Kromvel ayyana kansa Ubangijinsa, (m) a Ingila mulki soja mulkin kama karya.

Kawai bayan Cromwell ta mutuwa, majalisar yanke shawarar ci gaba da matsayi na daular mulkinsu. Masana tarihi yi imani da cewa bayan hawan Yesu zuwa sama a kan karaga, da na ɗan, na kashe monarch English juyin juya halin karshe ƙare. A 1660, Charles II aka lashe.

Sakamako na Turanci juyin juya halin

Babban maƙasudin na tawaye da aka kai - Ingila ta zama wani tsarin mulki daular mulkinsu. A nan gaba, mai ƙarfi majalisar dokokin kasar, wadda muhimmanci rage ikon da aka kafa ta da sarauta iyali. Yanzu gwamnatin jihar ta damar da wakilan da bourgeoisie.

Sai aka zayyana da kuma yancin cinikayya, wadda ƙwarai inganta da yanayin jihar taskar, kazalika da raunana da Netherlands, wanda aka dauke da babban abokin hamayyar Ingila.