Svetlana Savitskaya: biography, photos

Ta aka sau biyu gane kamar yadda wani Hero na Tarayyar Soviet, ya aka bayar da lakabi na girmama Master of Sports, ba a kuma taɓa hana hankali - bayyanar a fili ya kasance kullum mai ni'ima, kamar yadda idan ta na da wasu na musamman janye. Kuma kanta shi ne ko da yaushe nã kiran sama - mai kyau, 'yan qasar da kuma marasa iyaka. A farko a cikin tarihin na nazarin sararin samaniya bayan Tereshkova mace sama jannati, zai fita cikin bude sarari, tsaye kafin mu Svetlana Savitskaya. Cosmonaut tafiya ba, a sarari a lokacin da yake na biyu jirgin a jere.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Svetlana Ya aka haife kan Agusta 8, 1948 a babban birnin kasar, a cikin iyali na wani kwamandan soja, Air Marshal - Evgeniya Yakovlevicha Savitskogo. The iyali da aka mamaye da horo da kuma oda. Uwar Svetlana Lidia a yaki shekaru bauta tare da mijinta. Kuma irin wannan yanayi wasu qaddara gaba ayukan hutu na 'yar.

Savitskaya Svetlana Evgenevna samu takardar shaidar a shekarar 1966. Bayan haka, ta sa suna a cikin Moscow sufurin jiragen sama Cibiyar. Nasarar kare diploma (1972), ya karbi jirgin m sana'a. Nazarin a institute ta hade tare da Kaluga sufurin jiragen sama Flight Technical College, inda daga baya ya samu wani m matukin-malami.

Har yanzu zama wani dalibi na makarantar sakandare, sai ta fara aikatawa acrobatic wasanni da kuma shiga halin yanzu tawagar. Svetlana Savitskaya sauri samun kwarewa da kuma riga a 1970 a Ingila, ya lashe farko wuri a duniya gasar a aerobatics a kan fistan jirgin sama. ta kuma gudanar da su sa uku rikodin laima tsalle daga stratosphere da kuma yin goma sha takwas jirgin sama tashi a kan wani jet jirgin sama. Kuma a shekarar 1970 ta riga ƙaddara su da lakabi na master of wasanni na Tarayyar Soviet.

aikin matukin jirgi

Bayan kammala karatu Svetlana Savitskaya yi aiki don wani lokaci kamar yadda wani malami matukin jirgi ya sami wani ƙarin cancantar gwajin matukin jirgi. A shekarar 1976, ta fara aiki a cikin kimiyya da Production Association "Tashi". A kadan daga baya, riga da ciwon mai yawa kwarewa - kamar yadda wani gwajin matukin jirgi a shuka domin aikin injiniyan inji "Speed" a Moscow. A watan Agusta 1980, Svetlana aka wakilai na 'yan saman jannati, da kuma daga baya ta nada cosmonaut-bincike daga "Speed".

"Space Road"

Ta goma sha bakwai Yuli 1984 daga Baikonur tashar tashi "Soyuz T-12", wanda da ma'aikatan jirgin da aka samu 'yan saman jannati da kuma uku daga cikinsu - Svetlana Savitskaya. Photo dauka jim kadan kafin a kai-kashe, har yanzu adana a cikin archive Baikonur cosmodrome. A sarari suKe, aka fara gani a matsayin babban rukuni na gwajin-majagaba wanda aka sosai m, da manufar wanda ya gudanar da wani zama dole gwaje-gwajen a fannoni daban daban na kimiyya.

"Space tawagar", wanda ya hada Savitskaya, ya rike da jerin ayyuka saka idanu mutum kiwon lafiya, walwala da kuma jihar da dukan kwayoyin a cikin sarari yanayi, don samun karin m bayanai game da mutum ta karbuwa ga weightlessness. A jirgin, da masu bincike da za'ayi da ya dace gwaje-gwajen, wanda taimaka, wajen gano da daban-daban na sabawa a ji, da hangen nesa, zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin, domin sanin da har na mutum jimiri a cikin sarari yanayi da kuma ta laulayi wuce kima wani rauni, mãsu rauni a cikin aiki yanayi a sarari. Savitskaya Svetlana Evgenevna ma saka idanu da muhalli tasiri na bude sarari a kan kayayyakin amfani a cikin shiri na iri daban-daban injiniya Tsarin.

Babban aiki na tawagar, duk da haka, ya fita a bude sarari. Kuma Yuli 25, 1984, tare da Vladimir Dzhanibekov Stavitskaya bar "Salyut-7" tashar da za'ayi a spacewalk. Su ma na musamman da gwaji, wanda ya kunshi yadda ake amfani Shirokouniversalny hannu kayan aikin tsara don aiki a sarari aka za'ayi. Wannan na'urar da aka bayar tare da wani lantarki da samar da lantarki, hudu faranti, wani iko panel, hada da sauya yiwu halaye na aiki. A karshen, jirgin m kumbon sama jannati "Soyuz T-12", da wadannan ma'amaloli aka za'ayi - yankan, soldering, waldi da kuma spraying.

Koma Duniya

Zauna a jirgin "cosmic teams" ya tafi a kan for kwana goma sha biyu. 29 Yuli, 1984, sai suka koma zuwa ga tudun Duniya. manyan kwararru na ƙungiya yanke shawarar ci gaba da saba aiki a sarari guda shirya domin na gaba spacewalk. Svetlana Savitskaya, A halin yanzu, ya nuna nasara aiwatar da m sarari a matsayin "terrestrial" ayyuka, wanda aka za'ayi kullum a cikin saba factory bene. Ya zama dole ne kawai don nuna dace fasaha da kuma zama a shirye domin kowane halin da ake ciki.

Siyasa ayyukan Savitskaya

A siyasa Savitskaya zama shahararren adadi a cikin marigayi 1980s sa'an nan, a shekarar 1989, ya zama mataimakin da Tarayyar Soviet, kazalika memba na Koli Soviet na Tarayyar Soviet. Yana shi ne wani ɓangare na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. A shekara ta 1993, shi sa a gaba a mutum don zaben zuwa Jihar Duma na 1st taro, amma ya kasa. A karshen watan Disamba 1995, Svetlana Savitskaya an zabe ta uku taro da kuma sake shiga cikin ƙungiya daga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. A shekarar 2003, 2007 da kuma 2011, ya aka sake zabe na yanzu Jihar Duma mataimakin daga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. Yanzu ta ne mataimakin shugaban majalisar dokokin a kan tsaro, tsaro da kuma yaki da aikata laifuka.

a ƙarshe

Na biyu mace jannati Valentina Tereshkova zama bayan Svetlana Savitskaya. Ta biography ne cike da muhimmanci events. Ta kammala wani aiki, a 1993 (tare da daraja na Major) dangane da wani da suka cancanta ritaya. Svetlana E. ya samu da yawa karrama da kuma lambobin yabo ga ta kafadu - a spacewalk, babban adadin na lura da gwaje-gwajen da koyarwa ayyukan.