Ferroalloy - menene wannan? ferroalloy Shuka

A metallurgical masana'antu ne a high-tech masana'antu, wanda ke bukatar ba kawai albarkatu, amma kuma hada kayayyakin ko Additives cewa inganta wasan kwaikwayon na karafa. Domin samar da karfe amfani da baƙin ƙarfe gami da takamaiman aka gyara. A sakamakon mahadi - wannan shi ne wani ferro-gami.

Mene ne wannan?

Ferrosplav - wani abu zama dole ga metallurgical masana'antu, amfani da manufar da doping, deoxidation, refining ferrous da kuma wadanda ba ferrous karafa. Dalili ferroalloy aza gami da na baƙin ƙarfe (Fe, ferrum) tare da Additives (manganese, potassium, molybdenum, silicon, da dai sauransu). Production faruwa a musamman raka'a.

A ranar, da kayan amfani ga yi na wani baƙin ƙarfe gami da fiye da ashirin abubuwa. New bincike da kuma masana'antu bukatun nuna wani karuwa a yawan sadarwa.

nada ferroalloys

A cikin baƙin ƙarfe da karfe ferroalloys amfani da su dope, cewa ba ka damar samun fiye da 2.5 dubu daban-daban maki na karfe. A inganta steels ana amfani da karafa, metallurgical, sunadarai, yi, tsaro da tattalin arziki da sauran masana'antu. Ferroalloy - a wani ƙari karfe, wanda aka gabatar don gyara da kaddarorin na karshe abu. Gyara karfe halaye iya inganta inji Properties, jure zafin jiki da tsakaitãwa ko m sinadaran yanayi. A karshe Properties daga cikin kayan za su dogara a kan abun da ke ciki, wanda aka gabatar a lokacin da karfe smelting.

Ferroalloy samar da su yi amfani da damar don samun karin alloyed karfe tare da ƙẽƙasasshen aiki, msl, wani maras Magnetic abu ko kayan aiki. Deoxidation na karfe amfani da ferroalloy wajibi ne ga dauri da kuma Yã a oxygen slag total nauyi. A nan ana amfani da baƙin ƙarfe mahadi da silicon, titanium, aluminum da sauransu.

Har ila yau ferroalloy - mai modifier ga karfe ko jefa baƙin ƙarfe, tsara don rage hatsi tsarin da abu da kuma inganta shafi kayan haɓɓaka aiki na inji Properties. Ga mai gini, da baƙin ƙarfe hade da dama abubuwa kamar alli + silicon, ƙarfe + manganese + baƙin ƙarfe + magnesium da silicon al.

raw kayan

ferroalloy samarwa yana farawa da raw tama wanda ake tare da cikakken wani rukuni na abubuwa. Alal misali, ga ferrosilicon da ferrochromium amfani don inganta tama, da kuma ga ferrotitanium ko ferrotungsten ne a tattara abinci. The fasaha tsari hada da wani mataki na rage karfe oxides, hada a fili. Reaction kara kuzari ne da baƙin ƙarfe, ko ta oxides. Sake yin fa'ida kashi na'am da yanayi na a barga tsari da kuma rashin baya hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Iron da karfe masana'antu a yanzu mataki da aka fi amfani Hanyar electrothermal samar da ferroalloys, wanda dogara ne a kan redox dauki. Narkewa karfe tare da Bugu da kari na ferroalloy rage zafin jiki a cikin tanderu, game da shi, rage ikon amfani da yi.

iri ferroalloys

A halin yanzu, da duniya samar da ferroalloys ne 16,5 ton miliyan a kowace shekara. Number of abubuwa a cikin daruruwan brands cewa cikakken gana da bukatun iri daban-daban na samar da karfe (talakawa, musamman, yi). Rasha ta rabo a duniya samar ne 12.7%, da manyan mukamai suna shagaltar da kasar Sin, Amurka, Japan. Ferroalloy - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi m kayayyakin, da samar da wata alamar shugabanci na ci gaban masana'antu.

The main iri ferroalloys:

• Ferrosilicon.
• Silicocalcium.
• Ferromanganese.
• Ferrochrome (na matsakaici, low-carbon, carbon-free).
• Silikohrom.
• Ferrotungsten.
• Ferromolybdenum.
• Ferrovanadium.
• Ferrotitanium.
• Ferroboron.
• Exothermic gami.

ferroalloy masana'antu

Ferroalloy masana'antu a Rasha an wakilta guda sha'anin, dake a cikin Urals har 1917. ikon shuka hada biyu Tanderu a 250 kW. 4 shuke-shuke da aka gabatar a 30s a aiki: Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk, Zaporozhye (Ukraine), Zestafoni (Jojiya).

A lokacin daga 1942 zuwa 1945 aka gina shi da kuma kaddamar Kuznetsky, Aktobe, Klyuchevskii ferroalloy shuke-shuke. A postwar shekaru aka sa a cikin aiki, a cikin hãlãye Serov (1956), Stakhanov a Ukraine (1962), Nikopol (Ukraine, 1966), Ermak a Kazakhstan (1968). Gabatar ikon cikakken gamsar da bukatun kasuwannin gida da kuma a yarda a shigar da waje kasuwar tare da m tayin. A total girma na samar da ferroalloys a lokacin da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet amounted zuwa 6 ton miliyan a kowace shekara. A Rasha goma shuke-shuke aiki a yau, kwarewa a samar da ferroalloys. The most of wadannan ne Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Shuka.

Aksu shuka a Kazakhstan

Aksu Ferroalloy Shuka aka located a cikin Pavlodar yankin na Kazakhstan. Har 1995, an mai suna Ermak Ferroalloys, commissioning kwanan wata - 1966. A 1995 kamfanin da aka sayar zuwa Japan kamfanin Japan Chrom hukuma, a wannan shekara ta zama memba na "Kazchrome" kamfani. Total shekara-shekara samarwa ne game da miliyan daya ton na kayayyakin. A halin yanzu, kamfanin yana daya daga cikin shugabannin duniya a samar da gami. Kuzarinsu damar 600 wutar. Babban} asashensu - chromium, manganese, silicon gami.

Samar iya aiki:

• Hudu smelter.
• Ashirin da shida lantarki Tanderu tare da damar daga 16,5 zuwa 63 MVA.
• Biyu shiri nazarinsa.
• Slag aiki shuka.
• Inji gyara shop.
• Road da kuma dogo shuka.

A total number of kamfanin ma'aikata - 6,000 mutane.

Novokuznetsk shuka

A 1942, sai ya fara nuna ferroalloys Novokuznetsk. A 1992 kamfanin ya canja ta nau'i na gwamnati, zama wani hadin gwiwa stock kamfanin. A farko canji ikon mallakar faru a 2000, da kamfaninsa ya zama wani rukuni MDM. Kuma tun 2010 da shuka dubawa da Ural-Siberian Metallurgical Company.

Babban kayayyakin ake nufi don deoxidizing, alloying na karfe ferrosilicon. Domin da aikin injiniya da masana'antu bayar da sifofin amfani a cikin narkewa na baƙin ƙarfe. Wani sabon nau'in samar microsilica aka yi amfani da su sa karfe da kuma tundishes da hannu a aiwatar da zaben 'yan wasa.

Klyuchevskii shuka

Klyuchevskii Ferroalloy Shuka da aka kafa a kan tushen da hromoobogatitelnoy factory a 1941. A ranar, da kawai post-Soviet sarari a yanzu samar da fiye da 30 iri ferroalloys, gami. Kunshe a cikin kamfanin ta "MidUral Group".

Cikin kewayon kayayyakin hada da:

• Silicocalcium tare da tarawa na vanadium, zirconium, titanium, aluminum.
• Silikovanady, ferronioby, silicocalcium, ferrotitanium.
• Mai sauya ferrosilikotsirkony magnesium ciki.
• Ligature - dangane niobium da nickel daga rare duniya karafa.
• Slag et al.

Yanzu kayayyakin amfani ga deoxidizing, alloying, degassing da karfe da kuma ta gami, kazalika da sifofin baƙin ƙarfe.

Nikopol ferroalloy

A rukunin farko na shuka da aka kaddamar a 1966. Tun shekarar 1968, kamfanin yana dauke da most a Turai. A mafi girma flowering da kuma cike iya aiki yin amfani Nikopol Ferroalloy Shuka cimma a 1985-1990. Bayan da samarwa ya fara raguwa sosai a hannunsu. Don kwanan wata, da shuka - a gane masana'antu shugaba a Ukraine. Saboda da wuya tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki shi ne kan gab da rufe.

kayayyakin:

• Ferrosilikatomarganets.
• Ferromanganese.
• lantarki manna.
• Fluxes.
• Slag abrasives, juji.
• Hawa samar.

A shuka a Bratsk

Bratsk Ferroalloy Shuka aka located a Irkutsk yankin da kuma shi ne mafi girma m na ferrosilicon Gabas Siberian yankin. A factory da aka kafa a kan tushen da daya daga cikin shagunan na da Bratsk aluminum shuka. kasuwanci bukatar ya saboda da m bukatar semiconductors, hasken rana Kwayoyin, Electronics. Babban samfurin na sha'anin ne ferrosilicon da wani babban abun ciki na silicon - up to 75%. A batun da aka zaunar da su a 1998. Domin m da kansa raw kayan BFZ tasowa da Uvat quartzite tama. A masana'antu hadaddun na'am da wutar lantarki daga nan kusa Bratsk HPP, wanda muhimmanci rage kudin samar, fiye da wata uku na wanda sayar da iko kamfanin "Mechel" tsakanin Enterprises.

Serov

Serov Ferroalloys suna samuwa ga fiye da shekaru 50. A inji shi ne na biyu mafi girma m a Rasha. Babban kayayyakin - carbon ferrochrome (high-carbon, matsakaici-carbon, low-carbon, ferrosilicochrome). A rukunin farko na shuka da aka kaddamar a 1961. Don kwanan wata, wani ɓangare na kamfanin "CHMEK".

ferroalloy shuka is located in Sverdlovsk yankin (Serov), da shekara-shekara samar iya aiki ne game da 200 dubu ton na ƙãre kayayyakin. Yana samar da wani babban bakan ligatures a kan tushen da low carbon ferrochromium samu ta hanyar hadawa melts. Amsawa da bukatun cikin gida da karfe kasuwar, kamfanin ƙware da samar da ferrosilicon. A kayayyakin an jẽfo, zuwa dama kasashen waje da kuma cikin gida Enterprises yana ruri.

Aktobe shuka

A inji shi ne located in Aktobe (Kazakhstan). A farko ton na ferroalloys da aka samar a shuka a 1943. Babban kayayyakin - ferroaluminum, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferrotsink, nonferrous karafa da su gami, domin gami da catalytic tafiyar matakai.

Aktobe ferroalloys shuka a shekara samar da fiye da 300,000 tons na kayayyakin. Bugu da kari, kamfanin samar fi mai da hankali ga metallurgy (ilmentinovy, zircon, rutile). A inji shi ne daya daga cikin shugabannin duniya a samar masana'antu. Management kamfanin - TNK "Kazchrome".

Tsire-tsire a Rasha da kuma CIS ferroalloys

Enterprises Rasha:

• Alapaevsk metallurgy factory kayayyakin - ferromanganese.
• Kosogorsky MTZ Tula, kayayyakin - alade baƙin ƙarfe, ferromanganese.
• Serov, kayayyakin - carbon ferrochrome.
• Bratsk shuka, babban kayayyakin - ferrosilicon.
• Ryazan Shuka, babban kayayyakin - ferromolybdenum, ferrovanadium, ferro-tungsten, gami da rare karafa ake samar a shuka.
• Tikhvin shuka kayayyakin - carbon ferrochrome.
• Kuznetsk Ferroalloy Shuka (ferrosilicon).
• Klyuchevskii shuka samar rare gami - ferroboron, ferronoby, ferrotitanium, da sauransu.
• Chelyabinsk IEC - wani masana'antu shugaban. Yanzu kayayyakin - ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrosilicochrome, silicocalcium da sauransu.
• Kingisepp shuka (ferromanganese, silicomanganese).

Enterprises Ukraine:

• Zaporizhia ferroalloy shuka ƙera ferrosilicon manganese karfe, ferroalloys, da sauransu.
• Nikopol, kayayyakin - ferroalloys, ferromanganese, da sauransu.
• Stakhanov a Lugansk yankin, iri kayayyakin - ferroalloys, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese.
• Donetsk Ferroalloys Shuka, babban kayayyakin - Ferroaljuminy.

A farkon shekara ta 2017 Ukrainian kamfanoni kusan daina ayyukan saboda yakin basasa da kuma zurfin matsalar tattalin arziki a kasar.

Enterprises Kazakhstan:

• Aktobe shuka, da kayayyakin bisa chromium, manganese, silicon gami.
• Aksu shuka samar ferromanganese, ferrochrome da sauransu.

Jojiyanci masana'antun:

• Zestafoni factory kerarre irin ferroalloys - ferromanganese.