Karl Smely: A Biography. Me ya sa Charles Bold kira na karshe jarumi?

Daya daga cikin haske da kuma mafi m Figures na na da Turai, ba tare da wani shakka, Karl Smely, wanda ya yi mulki Burgundy a tsakiyar XV karni. A tarihin shi ne sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin "karshe jarumi" ga halaye ya mallaki, ko cewa ya aka yi masa siffantãwa. Ya zauna a wani m shekaru, da kuma shi iya wuya a da ake zargi da ayyukan da cewa bayyana a cikin hanyar zamani mutumin shudder.

Ɗan, da kuma magajin Philip da Good

Karl samu quite kyau gadar hali. Mahaifinsa, Filipp Dobry, duk da cewa tarnished cikin suna ta bada English Joan na Arc ya iya ba da ikon Burgundy, bayan da ta samu wani babban girma a Turai. Lokacin da ducal kotu taimaka ga inganta harkokin fasaha, da kuma m ya mabiyin taimako ga knightly code da kuma kafa na Order na Golden ulun kuwa, da ya sauko zuwa mu kwana.

Philip ya kasance wani abin wãsa fi so na jousting gasa da kuma gasa minnesingers. Hakika, haife Nuwamba 10, 1433 magajin, wanda ya kira Carl, ya yi kokari domin qarfafa da halaye na mai gaskiya jarumi. Philip ta harkokinmu ba a banza, shi kuma ɗan wani cikakken gaji da soyayya ga yãki, farauta da soja yakin.

Matasa na gaba Duke na Burgundy

Shiryar da siyasa sharudda, da mahaifin gaggãwa zuwa tashin dansa to Katarina, 'yar Faransa sarki Charles VII na, da kuma cewa wani kama wani wõfintattu amarya aikata shi a lõkacin da magaji ya kawai shekaru biyar da haihuwa. Af, farin ciki budurwata ne kawai hudu shekaru girmi ta saurayina. Daga baya, Charles aka aure sau biyu more - a Frenchwoman Isabelle de Bourbon da kuma Baturiya Margaret na York. Dukansu sun na sarauta jini.

A cikin matasa Karl Smely haɗu, kuma ko da ya sa abokai da ya nan gaba baka-maƙiyi - magajin ga Faransa kursiyin, Louis, sa'ad da yake a cikin Duchy na Burgundy aka boye daga fushin mahaifinsa. Kusan guda shekaru, su ne strikingly daban-daban daga juna. Karl Smely - da "karshe jarumi" - wani tsayi da karfi saurayi, da shirye tare da takobi a hannunsa ya tabbatar da rashin laifi. Louis guda, short da kuma na bakin ciki, da karamin karuwa a daban-daban zamba da kuma wayo.

Soja yaƙi da wani tsohon abokina

Zumuntarsu zo ga ƙarshe lokacin da Yuli 22, 1461, Louis nasara ga kursiyin ubansa, ya zama Sarkin Faransa, Louis XI. Daga cikin sosai farko kwanaki a ofishin, ya jagoranci ci manufofin mulkin ƙasashe mallakar mulkin gargajiya giji ya zama baransa. Wannan ya sa su matsananci rashin biyan bukata, sakamakon The sarki barons da shugabannai sõyayya a kan Ubangijinsa, ya kammala wata yarjejeniya da ake kira "League da na kowa kyau." By wannan ƙawance da kuma gefe da Karl Smely, wanda aka tilasta su shiga cikin sabon sarki a cikin rikici kan County na Charolais, to abin da suka biyu da'awar.

Bada jimawa ba, da siyasa adawa escalated a cikin wani soja adawa. A wannan lokaci, Filipp Dobry mutu, kuma Karl gāda ba kawai mahaifinsa sararin kamfanoni, amma kuma take da Duke na Burgundy. Yanzu a kai da dakarun tattara "ta League da na kowa kyau," ya da cikakken samu damar nuna kashe su ƙarfin zuciya da kuma ƙarfin hali.

fara zubar da jini

A farko m nasara lashe Karl Smely a 1465, karya da sojojin da tsohon abokinsa a cikin yakin Montlhéry. Wannan ya tilasta wa sarki ba har ta da'awar da jayayya County Charolais. Karfafawa da nasara, da Duke garzaya sabon feats. Ya tuna cewa a 'yan shekaru da suka wuce a birnin Liege a karkashin shi akwai tarzoma sa da ɓarna, high haraji. Amma mafi mũnin duk, cewa, daga cikin 'yan tawayen ya yada jita-jita cewa ya - Karl Smely, Duke na Burgundy - haifa ba daga Philip da Good, ya hukuma uba, da kuma daga cikin gida bishop, to wanda mahaifiyarsa da Duchess Isabella ritaya don ikirari.

A gaskiya jarumi, kuma shi ne don haka ya dauki kansa Karl, ba zai gafarta da zagi sa ga lady, musamman mahaifiyarta. Ya yi a cikin ruhun da lokaci - da m da duhu tsakiyar zamanai. Kamawa Liege, wanda mazauna bai ma yi kokarin su yi tsayayya, ya hallaka su duka, ciki har da mata da kuma yara. Alfahari da kiwon kansa, Karl bar smoldering kango jiya blossoming birni. Na ziyarce shi a wannan hanya da kuma 'yan wuraren da duchy.

A jira na Burgundian Wars

An tabbatacce kafa a zukatan nasa yawa, Carl nemi in yi masa magana mulkin Burgundy, kuma mafi cikin wannan hali zuwa sama daga hannun Paparoma ta kambi. Amma irin wannan m da tsare-tsaren da Duke da aka gazawa. Yana tsayayya da sarki na Roman Empire, da kuma Sarkin Faransa. Babu daya kuma bã da sauran ya ba riba riba Burgundy.

Manufofi na Charles Bold da kuma Louis kasance daga 11 - matsakaicin maida hankali iko a hannunsu, amma a cimma shi suka nemi hanyoyi daban-daban. Idan Burgundian cikin dõgara a kan zaluncin da karfi, sarki yayi wayo da rikici, wanda an yarda da juna, master. Don halakar da abokin gaba, ya gudanar ya zana shi cikin jerin soja Kasadar, baya kira Burgundian Wars.

A impoverishment na kasar

Ƙarƙashin ikonsa, Karl Smely sanya wani ƙoƙari ya shiga mahallinsa Alsace da Lorraine. A farkon da aka karfafa, amma sai Louis XI gudanar da m tattaunawar dauki makamai da shi kusan rabin Turai. Basu hakura bogged saukar a cikin kamfen na Duke na Burgundy rayuwa gaba daya koma wani yaki gabãtarwar. Tun da tabbatarwa daga cikin sojojin gaba daya fatattakakkun cikin taskar, duk da nisha an soke ta. Tafi ne da gasar da kasida da kuma masu kida, kuma crafts, wadanda ba soja harkokin, kawai soke. Tsohon dũkiya juya zuwa ga yunwa da talauci.

A kashi a hannun Gransone

Historical kwarewa ya nuna cewa ko ta yaya mai girma kishi, babu m kadai ba zai iya tsayayya da wani kawance na raya ƙasashe. Karl Smely, Duke na Burgundy, ya ba togiya. Idan da Jamus da kuma Faransa, ya ko ta yaya gudanar ya jimre, mafi kyau a wannan lokaci Swiss sojojin da aka ma m ga shi.

A farko kaye ya sha wahala a 1476 a yakin Gransone. Jim kadan kafin cewa, Duke Karl Smely ci birnin, shan amfani da cin amana da daya daga cikin kare. Tare da wani sansanin dauka fursuna, ya kuwa yi haka, kazalika da amfani ga yin da shi - da sojoji sun rataye, yayin da wasu nutsar a Lake Neuchâtel.

Swiss, sauri ya da ceto, ya zama a sarari cewa sunã da azãba a harka na shan kashi. Babu nutsẽwa kuma rataya daya daga cikinsu ba ya so ya, don haka wahayi, sun ci Burgundians. Karl Smely - Burgundian m - kawai ya tsere, ya bar aikinsa, maƙiyi ci gaba a lokacin, manyan bindigogi da kuma wata babbar sansanin, cike da wawushe dukiyar da take cikin yakin.

wani koma-baya

Duk da haka, wannan shan kashi da aka ba a rage swagger da girman kai na shugaba. Regular rake, a kan wanda ya kasance mai zuwa, jiran da Duke kusa da garin Murten. A nan, Carl samu daga Swiss har ma fiye da kaye. Daga cikin takardun da na zamanin da aka sani cewa ya samu damar, shan amfani na ɓangare na uku shiga tsakani yi zaman lafiya da kuma bari da kyawawan tacky, amma rayuwa ya koma zuwa ga 'yan qasar Burgundy. Duk da haka, Mãsu fusãtarwa ne ta hanyar soja setbacks, ya rasa damar samun ceto, da kuma game da shi hannu kansa mutuwa tushe. Gaskiyar cewa m raga na Charles Bold ba jinsin da yuwuwar ya mallaki.

The ban tausayi ƙarshen Burgundian m

A karshen wannan shekara a kai na sabuwar kafa rundunar, ya tafi ya tasar wa birnin Nancy. The kare nuna m juriya, da kuma kewaye jan a. Duk da cewa saboda da low zafin jiki na da yawa daga cikin sojojin samu frostbite kuma ba zai iya ci gaba da fadan, Karl ki ja da baya, suna begen cewa yunwa za su tilasta wa kewaye da mika wuya. A wannan lokaci da birnin zo da taimakon sojoji da yawa, wanda ya kunshi na Alsatians, Austrians, Jamus da kuma Faransa.

Rãnar 5 Janairu 1477 tabbatar da m ga sojojin na Charles Bold. Ba kasancewa iya tsayayya da m zuwa abokin kokawarsa a lambobi, shi da aka hallaka. Kwamandan kansa an kashe shi a yaƙi. A 'yan kwanaki daga baya jikinsa mutilated da kuma kwace looters raunuka, aka samu a wani nan kusa kogin. Hacked fuskarsa haka unrecognizable cewa Duke ya iya gano kawai sirri likita na haihuwa scars.

M sakamako ta sarautar Charles

A mutuwa na Charles Bold ya kammala dukan epoch a tarihin Burgundy. Hana wani mataimaki a cikin namiji line, ta nan da nan ya raba tsakanin Habsburgs da Faransa kambi. An tafi da darajar da Duchy matsayin mai zaman kanta Turai jihar. Yana zama wani ɓangare na tarihin da ta indefatigable m Karl Smely, wanda biography ne a ci gaba da jerin yaƙe-yaƙe da yakin. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, domin duk rayuwarsa ya kasance mai yi garkuwa da su nasu burinsu.

Fearless warrior kuma mummunan siyasa

Halaye na Charles Bold, ya kuma ba da shi ga masu bincike, shi ne quite rigima. Shi ne undeniable cewa dukan sojojin ya aika fita a kan batun Burgundy da acceding ga nasara ƙasashe samu ma fi girma yawa. Duk da haka, sakamakon wani militarist siyasa ya kasance da lalata da duchy da kuma janar impoverishment. Kawo a kotu mahaifinsa, Philip da Good, Charles professed ka'idodinta jarumtan, amma, bisa ga hadisai na lokaci, kashe a wani hanya m mutane kama garuruwa.

The tambaya: me ya sa Charles Bold da ake kira "karshe jarumi"? Kila, amsar da yake a cikin cewa ya kasance daya daga wadanda suke ganin siyasa wasanni da mãkirci alfãsha da rashin cancanta, fifita su warware duk al'amurran da suka shafi a wani bude yaƙi, kamar yadda befits a gaskiya jarumi. Lalle, irin wannan fuskanta da zai ba tsada to wani zaman kansa mutum, amma ga shugaban kasa shi ne unacceptable. A kasar jagoranci rabuwa daga babban siyasa, da kuma a wannan babi shi dole ya zama sana'a.