Mene ne wani amphitheater a gidan wasan kwaikwayo

A yawa sharuddan amfani da mu a yau, ya samo asali a cikin Latin. The Roman Empire, mutuwa karkashin mãsu alãma daga cikin dabbanci, duk da haka, kawo ci gaban al'adu da kuma wayewar ko'ina a kasahen Turai da kuma Asiya Ƙananan. Amma a wannan zamani, aka ƙara dogara ne a kan nasarorin da jihar, kuma shi, bi da bi, aro yawa daga cikin nasara da magabata - Helenawa. Masu bincike yi imani da wannan al'ada kamar daya. Yana da aka haife shi a zamanin tsohuwar Girka wasan kwaikwayo kanta. Duk da haka, bãyanta sun canza shi a cikin wani ɗan daban-daban sabon abu. Ya fara da za a kira "Roman amphitheater". Mene ne wannan? Mẽne ne daban-daban daga gargajiya Greek wasan kwaikwayo?

A zamanin d Girka sun Popular asiri a cikin girmamawa ga Allah Diyonisiyas, ɗan majalisar. A idi dade kwanaki da dama, wanda aka ayyana ba aiki. Suka bi ta hanyar mai kauri procession da kuma ibada. An ɓangare daga cikin ayyukan hajji da aka gabatar playwrights, da mawaƙa, da karatun. Domin wadannan dalilai, da aka gina musamman domin waje shigarwa. A kan wani dutse a cikin ƙasa ya ja daga, ko sare a cikin dutse santsi rabin zoɓe. Bencina domin masu sauraro tashe bencina zauna a gaban mutane ba su tsoma baki tare da review zama a baya da kuma a sama. The abin yabo na zamanin d Romawa shi ne cewa sun kasance daga cikin sahu na kallo halitta wani mugun da'irar. Saboda haka, da suka gina wani amphitheater a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

Helenawa ba bukatar ka dubi 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a kan kõwane. «Theatron" - in Greek "spectacle" - zaci addashin ko mawaka. Saboda haka, jama'a kullum dube fuskõkinsu. A zamanin d Roma, da gidan wasan kwaikwayo canza aiki. Akwai ƙara shirya ta faɗa gladiators faru baiting dabbobi, ko da taka leda fitar da dukan sarayya, ciki har da ruwa (kira wannan wakilci naumahiyami). Saboda haka, masu sauraro ya ban sha'awa a dubi abin da ke faruwa a kan mataki daga dukkan bangarorin. Ancient gine-ginen da a warware matsalar da tsare da acoustics, kara roominess na cikin zauren, da masu sauraro kariya daga harin da dabbobi, mai yiwu murkushe kan kallo tsaye. Arena gidan wasan kwaikwayo -   bayyanannu da cewa sun gaza a su aiki kamar yadda "m".

In ba haka ba, da harka a zamanin tsohuwar Girka. Akwai sarari na wasan kwaikwayo kunshi dama sassa. Da farko, orhestry - shi ne bagade na Dionysus, kuma akwai duk mataki. Wannan ya biyo ta Skene - kananan ƙarin gini, inda 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ado, suka tafi inda. A karshe ya Teatron - rabin zoɓe kallo layuka. Roman gine-ginen motsa wurin shirya 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na benci ga jama'a. Ta yaya suka yi? A juyin juya halin a gina scaffolding ga Roman circuses shi ne cewa asali Jigo na karfe ba ƙwace ƙasar da kuma gina a kan wani lebur surface. Saboda haka, Amphitheater a gidan wasan kwaikwayo Ina da wani blank waje bango, daidai a tsawo zuwa babba jere na kallo kujeru.

Ana cire Skene daga idanu, da gine-ginen sun samu wata babbar sarari madauwari ko ellipsoid siffar. Domin m fadace-fadace da shi yafa masa yashi su sa shi sauki cire burbushi na jini. Saboda haka, wannan wuri zo da za a kira "Arena" ( "yashi"). Daga dabbobi da kuma bazuwar hits kofe sauraro kare podium - high bango cewa aiki a matsayin wani shãmaki, kuma a mataki na majalisa. A manyan gine-gine, kamar Flavian amphitheater Roma (Colosseum), kazalika da Verona, Nimes, Pompeii, Arles da kuma sauran wurare a cikin babban Roman Empire, har yanzu kiyaye su, za mu iya sha'awan su.

Ya danganta da girman da birnin, irin wuraren iya saukar da daga biyar zuwa dubu 50 kallo. Yawancin lokaci ba su da wani rufi. Acoustics kiyaye ta hanyar amfani a cikin shiri na marmara da sauran iri resonating duwatsu, kazalika da sa a cikin voids tsakanin ganuwar komai amphorae. A hadadden tsari na arcades da passageways halitta gudamawar da ya kwarara ta cikin layuka na kallo, taimaka wa kauce wa crowding. Sun kona haskoki na masu sauraro rufe rumfa miƙa a kan mast. Amma a matsayin m Politika Rima ya miƙa hannunsa daga m nisa da arewa, akwai bukatar gina rufe wuraren. Irin wannan amphitheater gidan wasan kwaikwayo tare da rufin fara gudanar da sunan Odeon.